Effect of aging on post-saccadic oscillations

Mardanbegi, Diako; Killick, Rebecca; Xia, Baiqiang; Wilcockson, Thomas; Gellersen, Hans; Sawyer, Pete; Crawford, Trevor J.

doi:10.1016/j.visres.2017.08.006

Cited by 12 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…sharp crests and valleys), using a method previously described [12]. Each saccade was then modelled as the sum of two Gaussian functions (v sac ) which is designed to be representative of saccadic signals typically found in vHIT, which included post-saccadic oscillations of the iris typically recorded in video methods that track the pupil [36][37][38]. The parameters A, B, t peak and σ were defined as those that minimize the cost function J and were found using iterative gradient descent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head impulse compensatory saccades: Visual dependence is most evident in bilateral vestibular loss

et al. 2020

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The normal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) generates almost perfectly compensatory smooth eye movements during a 'head-impulse' rotation. An imperfect VOR gain provokes additional compensatory saccades to re-acquire an earth-fixed target. In the present study, we investigated vestibular and visual contributions on saccade production. Eye position and velocity during horizontal and vertical canal-plane head-impulses were recorded in the light and dark from 16 controls, 22 subjects after complete surgical unilateral vestibular deafferentation (UVD), eight subjects with idiopathic bilateral vestibular loss (BVL), and one subject after complete bilateral vestibular deafferentation (BVD). When impulses were delivered in the horizontal-canal plane, in complete darkness compared with light, first saccade frequency mean(SEM) reduced from 96.6(1.3)-62.3(8.9) % in BVL but only 98.3(0.6)-92.0 (2.3) % in UVD; saccade amplitudes reduced from 7.0(0.5)-3.6(0.4)˚in BVL but were unchanged 6.2(0.3)-5.5(0.6)˚in UVD. In the dark, saccade latencies were prolonged in lesioned ears, from 168(8.4)-240(24.5) ms in BVL and 177(5.2)-196(5.7) ms in UVD; saccades became less clustered. In BVD, saccades were not completely abolished in the dark, but their amplitudes decreased from 7.3-3.0˚and latencies became more variable. For unlesioned ears (controls and unlesioned ears of UVD), saccade frequency also reduced in the dark, but their small amplitudes slightly increased, while latency and clustering remained unchanged. First and second saccade frequencies were 75.3(4.5) % and 20.3(4.1) %; without visual fixation they dropped to 32.2(5.0) % and 3.8(1.2) %. The VOR gain was affected by vision only in unlesioned ears of UVD; gains for the horizontal-plane rose slightly, and the

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Head impulse compensatory saccades: Visual dependence is most evident in bilateral vestibular loss

et al. 2020

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“…More elaborated versions of the model, such as the one with force-dependent parameters here considered, can provide accurate fittings of families of saccades. The model parameters could be fitted to determine individual characteristics of the eyes related to the viscoelastic link between iris and eyeball, and to the muscular force in different directions, with possible application to diagnostics [23].…”

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confidence: 99%

Inertial Movements of the Iris as the Origin of Postsaccadic Oscillations

et al. 2018

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Recent studies on the human eye indicate that the pupil moves inside the eyeball due to deformations of the iris. Here we show that this phenomenon can be originated by inertial forces undergone by the iris during the rotation of the eyeball. Moreover, these forces affect the iris in such a way that the pupil behaves effectively as a massive particle. To show this, we develop a model based on the Newton equation on the noninertial reference frame of the eyeball. The model allows us to reproduce and interpret several important findings of recent eye-tracking experiments on saccadic movements. In particular, we get correct results for the dependence of the amplitude and period of the postsaccadic oscillations on the saccade size and also for the peak velocity. The model developed may serve as a tool for characterizing eye properties of individuals.

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“…A typical approach for analyzing data of this type (several observations from each subject and several subjects) is to fit a Linear Mixed Model (LMM) [23]. Previous research [20] has considered the difference between groups using a single point of the PSO signal (t = 0). Whilst this is informative, we are interested in the joint difference between the PSO at t = 0 and at t = 10.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies showed the effect of pupil size and saccade peak velocity (and saccade amplitude accordingly) on the shape of the PSO signals [18,19]. Mardanbegi et al (2017) observed an aging effect on PSO; increased PSO was linearly associated with age [20]. However, could differences in PSO be observed between age-matched cross cultural, cross racial, or cross genetic populations?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of post-saccadic oscillations in European-Born and China-Born British University Undergraduates

et al. 2020

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Previous research has revealed that people from different genetic, racial, biological, and/or cultural backgrounds may display fundamental differences in eye-tracking behavior. These differences may have a cognitive origin or they may be at a lower level within the neurophysiology of the oculomotor network, or they may be related to environment factors. In this paper we investigated one of the physiological aspects of eye movements known as postsaccadic oscillations and we show that this type of eye movement is very different between two different populations. We compared the post-saccadic oscillations recorded by a videobased eye tracker between two groups of participants: European-born and Chinese-born British students. We recorded eye movements from a group of 42 Caucasians defined as White British or White Europeans and 52 Chinese-born participants all with ages ranging from 18 to 36 during a prosaccade task. The post-saccadic oscillations were extracted from the gaze data which was compared between the two groups in terms of their first overshoot and undershoot. The results revealed that the shape of the post-saccadic oscillations varied significantly between the two groups which may indicate a difference in a multitude of genetic, cultural, physiologic, anatomical or environmental factors. We further show that the differences in the post-saccadic oscillations could influence the oculomotor characteristics such as saccade duration. We conclude that genetic, racial, biological, and/or cultural differences can affect the morphology of the eye movement data recorded and should be considered when studying eye movements and oculomotor fixation and saccadic behaviors.

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Effect of aging on post-saccadic oscillations

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

Head impulse compensatory saccades: Visual dependence is most evident in bilateral vestibular loss

Head impulse compensatory saccades: Visual dependence is most evident in bilateral vestibular loss

Inertial Movements of the Iris as the Origin of Postsaccadic Oscillations

A comparison of post-saccadic oscillations in European-Born and China-Born British University Undergraduates

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