Effect of Aging on the Relationship Between Multiple Risk Factors and Waist Circumference

Iwao, Syun’iti; Iwao, Nobuko; Muller, Denis C.; Elahi, Dariush; Shimokata, Hiroshi; Andres, Reubin

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb04754.x

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…40 Iwao et al 91 reported significant associations between waist and coronary risk factor abnormalities. 91 They found a significant correlation among BMI, waist circumference and the risk factors (blood pressure, glucose levels, dyslipidaemia) in young as well as in older people. 91 In the Iowa Women Health Study, a sample of over 30 000 women with age ranging from 55 to 69 y and a mean followup of 10 y, both BMI and waist-to-hip ratio, were significant predictors of incident diabetes and hypertension.…”

Section: Obesity and Aging M Zamboni Et Almentioning

confidence: 96%

“…91 They found a significant correlation among BMI, waist circumference and the risk factors (blood pressure, glucose levels, dyslipidaemia) in young as well as in older people. 91 In the Iowa Women Health Study, a sample of over 30 000 women with age ranging from 55 to 69 y and a mean followup of 10 y, both BMI and waist-to-hip ratio, were significant predictors of incident diabetes and hypertension. 55 In addition, in younger as well as older subjects, obesity and fat distribution indices are linked not just to individual metabolic abnormalities but also to the co-occurrence of metabolic alterations, the so-called Metabolic Syndrome.…”

Section: Obesity and Aging M Zamboni Et Almentioning

confidence: 96%

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Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

et al. 2005

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Obesity prevalence is growing progressively even among older age groups. Controversy exists about the potential harms of obesity in the elderly. Debate persists about the relation between obesity in old age and total or disease-specific mortality, the definition of obesity in the elderly, its clinical relevance, and about the need for its treatment. Knowledge of age-related body composition and fat distribution changes will help us to better understand the relationships between obesity, morbidity and mortality in the elderly. Review of the literature supports that central fat and relative loss of fat-free mass may become relatively more important than BMI in determining the health risk associated with obesity in older ages. Weight gain or fat redistribution in older age may still confer adverse health risks (for earlier mortality, comorbidities conferring independent adverse health risks, or for functional decline). Evaluation of comorbidity and weight history should be performed in the elderly in order to generate a comprehensive assessment of the potential adverse health effects of overweight or obesity. The risks of obesity in the elderly have been underestimated by a number of confounders such as survival effect, competing mortalities, relatively shortened life expectancy in older persons, smoking, weight change and unintentional weight loss. Identification of elderly subjects with sarcopenic obesity is probably clinically relevant, but the definition of sarcopenic obesity, the benefits of its clinical identification, as well as its relation to clinical consequences require further study. Studies on the effect of voluntary weight loss in the elderly are scarce, but they suggest that even small amounts of weight loss (between 5-10% of initial body weight) may be beneficial. In older as well as in younger adults, voluntary weight loss may help to prevent the adverse health consequences of obesity.

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Section: Obesity and Aging M Zamboni Et Almentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Obesity and Aging M Zamboni Et Almentioning

confidence: 96%

Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

et al. 2005

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“…[28][29][30][31][32] In the present study, there was an interesting finding that correlations between BMI, WC and lipids (total and LDLcholesterol) in older people were weak or not significant regardless of populations, although BMI and WC were still highly correlated with triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol in older people. We have previously reported the effects of age on the relationship between body composition and risk factors in Caucasians 15,16,33 and these effects are also seen in the Japanese population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous reports on a Caucasian population 15,16 showed that BMI and WC independently were significant predictors of coronary risk factors in the blood pressure, glucose- Racial differences in risk factors and fat distribution N Iwao et al insulin and plasma lipid domains. Furthermore, the gradation of BMI into normal, overweight and obese zones according to NHLBI 5 and WHO 6 recommendations was supported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, NHLBI and WHO reports did not propose population-specific cut-points for either BMI or WC. Although it was shown that the cut-points proposed by WHO and NHLBI for BMI and WC were useful predictors for coronary risk factors in Caucasian younger and older men and women in our previous studies, 15,16 it is still not clear whether or not these cut-points are applicable to relatively short stature and lighter weight populations in an industrial country such as Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in the relationship between lipid CHD risk factors and body composition in Caucasians and Japanese

Iwao

Muller

et al. 2004

Int J Obes

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OBJECTIVES: To examine differences in the relationship between fat distribution and lipid coronary risk factors in Caucasian and Japanese population and further to determine whether the cut-points for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) proposed by WHO and NHLBI are applicable to Japanese population as a predictor of a lipid risk factor abnormality or not. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Subjects were 895 participants of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging in the US (BLSA) and 1705 participants of the Longitudinal Study of Aging by the National Institutes for Longevity Science in Japan (NILS-LSA). Subjects were divided into four demographic groups as younger (ageo65 y) men and women, and older (ageZ65 y) men and women. Blood total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-and HDL-cholesterol and anthropometry were measured. Regression coefficients of BMI and WC on risk factors, sensitivity and specificity of the BMI and WC cut-points for blood lipid abnormality, and mean values of blood lipids at BMI or WC cut-points were computed in both populations. RESULTS: Height, weight, WC and BMI were significantly greater in the BLSA than those in the NILS-LSA subjects. Total cholesterol, HDL-and LDL-cholesterol were significantly greater in the NILS-LSA than in the BLSA subjects. Sensitivities of BMI and WC cut-points were much lower in the NILS-LSA than in the BLSA subjects. Specificities of BMI and WC cut-points were higher in the NILS-LSA than in the BLSA subjects. Mean values of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-and LDL-cholesterol at BMI ¼ 25 were significantly greater in the NILS-LSA than in the BLSA subjects. At the WC cut-point (94 cm for men, 80 cm for women), mean values of all lipids were significantly greater in the NILS-LSA than in the BLSA subjects with the exception of triglycerides in younger women. CONCLUSIONS: The Japanese subjects have smaller BMI and WC, worse total and LDL-cholesterol levels and better HDLcholesterol levels compared to Caucasians. Sensitivities of BMI and WC for predicting lipid risk factor abnormality are much lower in Japanese. The cut-points for BMI and WC proposed by WHO and NHLBI may be too high for predicting an abnormality in triglycerides, total and LDL-cholesterol in Japanese. For detecting an abnormal HDL-cholesterol level, the BMI and WC cutpoints may not be as beneficial for the Japanese population as for Caucasians.

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Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Health Risk

Janssen¹,

Katzmarzyk²,

Ross³

2002

Arch Intern Med

776

191

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Effect of Aging on the Relationship Between Multiple Risk Factors and Waist Circumference

Abstract: Our data indicate that the waist circumference cutpoints proposed by NHLBI and WHO standards are useful for the prediction of cardiovascular disease risk factors in older as well as in younger men and women.

Cited by 38 publications

References 19 publications

Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

Health consequences of obesity in the elderly: a review of four unresolved questions

Differences in the relationship between lipid CHD risk factors and body composition in Caucasians and Japanese

Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Health Risk

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