Effect of Air Temperatures on Diurnal Variation of Water Potential, Conductance and Co2 Assimilation of Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Leaves

Pongsomboon, W.; Whiley, A. W.; Stephenson, R.A.; Subhadrabandhu, S.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1992.321.51

Cited by 4 publications

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“…The A max that we observed for NCS, field-grown trees of each species was much greater than data previously published. For field-grown avocado in Florida, A max was reported to be 7 to 10 µmol•m -2 •s -1 (Schaffer et al, 1987(Schaffer et al, , 1991 -2 •s -1 ) were similar to those previously reported for trees grown in containers (Bower et al, 1978;Scholefield et al, 1980;Schaffer et al, 1987;Schaffer and Gaye, 1989;Larson et al, 1992;Pongsomboon et al, 1992). For single leaves of container-grown avocado, Bower et al (1978) and Scholefield et al (1980) have reported Q A to be between 400 to 660 µmol•m -2 •s -1 with an A max of ≈7.0 µmol•m -2 •s -1 , while for mango a Q A of 350 to 400 µmol•m -2 •s -1 with an A max of 6 to 7 µmol•m -2 •s -1 has Table 1.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…been observed (Schaffer and Gaye, 1989;Larson et al, 1992;Pongsomboon et al, 1992). Hence, for avocado and mango trees grown in containers there is relative consistency between the reported values of Q A and A max .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…For avocado trees, maximum A (A max ) ranged from ≈7 to 23 µmol•m -2 •s -1 with light saturation for A (Q A ) at photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPF) between 400 to 1100 µmol•m -2 •s -1 (Bower et al, 1978;Scholefield et al, 1980;Schaffer et al, 1987;Whiley, 1994;Whiley and Schaffer, 1994). Mango A max was ≈6 to 18 µmol•m -2 •s -1 with Q A at PPF between 300 to 1200 µmol•m -2 •s -1 (Chacko et al, 1995;Pongsomboon et al, 1992;Schaffer and Gaye, 1989;Searle et al, 1995). The range of variation in these data was possibly due to measurement or growth conditions, particularly since the lower values were from trees grown in containers, whereas higher values were from field-grown trees.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cool Orchard Temperatures or Growing Trees in Containers Can Inhibit Leaf Gas Exchange of Avocado and Mango

Whiley¹,

Searle²,

Schaffer³

et al. 1999

jashs

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Leaf gas exchange of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) and mango (Mangifera indica L.) trees in containers and in an orchard (field-grown trees) was measured over a range of photosynthetic photon fluxes (PPF) and ambient CO2 concentrations (Ca). Net CO2 assimilation (A) and intercellular partial pressure of CO2 (Ci) were determined for all trees in early autumn (noncold-stressed leaves) when minimum daily temperatures were ≥14 °C, and for field-grown trees in winter (cold-stressed leaves) when minimum daily temperatures were ≤10 °C. Cold-stressed trees of both species had lower maximum CO2 assimilation rates (Amax), light saturation points (QA), CO2 saturation points (CaSAT) and quantum yields than leaves of noncold-stressed, field-grown trees. The ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) was ≈50% lower for leaves of cold-stressed, field-grown trees than for leaves of nonstressed, field-grown trees, indicating chill-induced photoinhibition of leaves had occurred in winter. The data indicate that chill-induced photoinhibition of A and/or sink limitations caused by root restriction in container-grown trees can limit carbon assimilation in avocado and mango trees.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

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confidence: 99%

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Cool Orchard Temperatures or Growing Trees in Containers Can Inhibit Leaf Gas Exchange of Avocado and Mango

Whiley¹,

Searle²,

Schaffer³

et al. 1999

jashs

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“…In all previous reports of which the authors are aware, C L in well-watered mango measured with a pressure chamber range from À0.2 to À0.3 MPa, both in the early morning (Nu Â n Ä ez- Elisea and Davenport, 1994;Pongsomboon et al, 1997) and at midday (Larson et al, 1991). The only other report of mango leaf C L known to this study, gave much more negative values of À0.6 to À1.1 for pre-dawn, and midday minimums of À1.4 to À1.7 MPa in 2-year-old potted plants, measured with a psychrometer (Pongsomboon et al, 1992). Equivalent measurements to those given in Table 1, using isopiestic thermocouple psychrometry (Ehret and Boyer, 1979) gave values of À1.0 to À1.5 MPa, with no signi®cant chill effect (data not shown).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

An overnight chill induces a delayed inhibition of photosynthesis at midday in mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Allen

Ratner

Giller

et al. 2000

Journal of Experimental Botany

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The effect of a cold night on photosynthesis in herbaceous chilling-sensitive crops, like tomato, has been extensively studied and is well characterized. This investigation examined the behaviour of the sub-tropical fruit tree, mango, to enable comparison with these well-studied systems. Unlike tomato, chilling between 5 degrees C and 7 degrees C overnight produced no significant inhibition of light-saturated CO(2) assimilation (A:) during the first hours following rewarming, measured either under controlled environment conditions or in the field. By midday, however, there was a substantial decline in A:, which could not be attributed to photoinhibition of PSII, but rather was associated with an increase in stomatal limitation of A: and lower Rubisco activity. Overnight chilling of tomato can cause severe disruption in the circadian regulation of key photosynthetic enzymes and is considered to be a major factor underlying the dysfunction of photosynthesis in chilling-sensitive herbaceous plants. Examination of the gas exchange of mango leaves maintained under constant conditions for 2 d, demonstrated that large depressions in A: during the subjective night were primarily the result of stomatal closure. Chilling did not disrupt the ability of mango leaves to produce a circadian rhythm in stomatal conductance. Rather, the midday increase in stomatal limitation of A: appeared to be the result of altered guard cell sensitivity to CO(2) following the dark chill.

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“…Pongsomboom et al (1992) found that net CO 2 assimilation (A) in 'Nam Dok Mai' growing in a glasshouse was higher at day/night temperatures of 30 • /20 • C than at day/night temperatures of 15 • /10 • C. Weng et al (2013) showed that saturated values of A were 5.7, 7.2, 9.6, and 11.8 mol CO 2 per m 2 per s at 13 • , 18 • , 24 • and 30 • C, respectively. Researchers in Japan showed that at a vapour pressure deficit (VPD) of 1.5 kPa, A was higher in 'Irwin' trees growing at 40 • /25 • C than at 30 • /25 • C (Talwar et al, 2001).…”

Section: Photosynthesis and Light Interceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the productivity of mango orchards be increased by using high-density plantings?

Menzel¹,

Lagadec²

2017

Scientia Horticulturae

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a b s t r a c tMango (Mangifera indica) trees are traditionally established at about 100-200 trees per ha and eventually grow into large specimens 10 m tall or more, making spraying and harvesting difficult. It also takes a long time to recover the initial costs of establishing and maintaining the orchard. There has been considerable interest in planting orchards up to 4000 trees per ha to take advantage of early production and to increase economic returns. However, trees planted at high density soon begin to crowd and shade each other and production falls. We reviewed the performance of high-density orchards in different growing areas, and the role of dwarfing cultivars and rootstocks, tree canopy management and the growth regulator, paclobutrazol to control tree growth. There has been no general agreement on the optimum planting density for commercial orchards which vary from 200-4000 trees per ha in different experiments. Some potential dwarfing material has been developed in India and elsewhere, but these cultivars and rootstocks have not been widely integrated into high-density orchards. Canopy management needs to take into account the effect of pruning on the regrowth of the shoots and branches, light distribution through the canopy and the loss of the leaves that support the developing crop. Pruning must also take into account the effect of vegetative growth on flower initiation. Annual light pruning usually provides better fruit production than more severe pruning conducted less regularly. There have only been a few cases where it has been demonstrated that paclobutrazol can counteract the negative effect of pruning on flowering and fruit production. There are also concerns with residues of this chemical in export markets and contamination of ground waters. The future development of high-density plantings in this crop is dependent on the use of dwarfing cultivars and/or rootstocks and better canopy management strategies. Dwarfing cultivars and rootstocks should provide small-to medium-sized trees with medium to large yields. This can readily be identified in experiments by examining the relationship between yield and tree growth. Research on canopy management should assess the impact of pruning on flowering, light distribution within the canopy and the leaf area supporting the developing crop. The productivity of mango is not likely to be increased by the use of high-density plantings without extensive efforts in plant breeding and canopy management.Crown

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Effect of Air Temperatures on Diurnal Variation of Water Potential, Conductance and Co2 Assimilation of Mango (Mangifera Indica L.) Leaves

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Cool Orchard Temperatures or Growing Trees in Containers Can Inhibit Leaf Gas Exchange of Avocado and Mango

Cool Orchard Temperatures or Growing Trees in Containers Can Inhibit Leaf Gas Exchange of Avocado and Mango

An overnight chill induces a delayed inhibition of photosynthesis at midday in mango (Mangifera indica L.)

Can the productivity of mango orchards be increased by using high-density plantings?

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