Effect of Alcohol Consumption and Oxidative Stress and Its Role in DNA Damage

Abstract

Oxidative stress has been increasingly implicated in different stages of liver cirrhosis and has been found responsible for DNA damage. Alcohol consumption and oxidative stress have been linked with DNA damage and progression of disease, leading to the hypothesis that chronic alcoholism causes DNA damage. The study was aimed at evaluating the relation between alcohol consumption and relative oxidative damage in different stages of liver cirrhosis. The study included two groups based on severity of cirrhosis of liver; categorized as compensated and decompensated liver cirrhotic patients based on child Pugh criteria. All decompensated cirrhotic patients in the study group had significantly higher MDA levels (P < 0.001) associated with DNA Damage (P > 0.01) than those with compensated cirrhotic patients and control group who were not suffering from liver cirrhosis. These results highlighted a significant higher degree of DNA damage in decompensated cirrhotic patients associated with oxidative stress as shown from greater average DNA migration in decompensated cirrhotic patients than in the compensated cirrhotic patients with low level of oxidative stress. Thus these results suggest that increase in MDA levels may be associated with pathogenesis and progression of liver cirrhosis.

Alcoholism and Its Role in the Development of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: An Insight

“…Alcoholism causes accumulation of acetaldehyde which results in genotoxicity. The changes that occur due to accumulated acetaldehyde is similar to the changes seen during hepatocellular carcinoma [28,29,30,31].…”

Correlation between Oxidative Stress, Nutrition, and Cancer Initiation

“…Alcoholism results in accumulation of acetaldehyde, which, consequently, causes genotoxicity. A similar change occurs due to accumulated acetaldehyde in hepatocellular carcinoma [ 112 , 113 ]. Moreover, according to World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) analysis, alcohol intake is significantly correlated with increased breast cancer risk [ 90 ].…”

Redox Balance Correlates with Nutritional Status among Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease Treated with Maintenance Hemodialysis

“…Modifiable lifestyle factors (physical activity, diet, sleep duration, alcohol intake or smoking) may each influence redox homeostasis [8–13]. ROS are generated in response to environmental stressors such as cold, viral or bacterial infections, drugs, toxins, radiation, hypoxia, and hyperoxia [14].…”

“…At low to modest concentrations, they are considered to be essential for the regulation of cell cycle progression and proliferation, differentiation, migration, and cell apoptosis [20]. They also promote the organism's immune functions and natural defenses—leukocytes, especially neutrophils, produce oxygen radicals through NADPH oxidase in the respiratory burst to protect the host organism from pathogens [8].…”