Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Leptin Level in Serum, Adipose Tissue, and Gastric Mucosa

Abstract

It has been reported that the stomach is a source of leptin, which is the product of the obese (ob) gene. In the present study, the effect of alcohol on leptin level in serum, gastric mucosa, and adipose tissue was studied to understand the relationship between appetite and alcohol consumption. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1 ml of 25% ethanol perorally. Leptin levels in the serum, gastric mucosa, and adipose tissue were measured. The serum leptin level was significantly decreased 3 and 6 hr after ethanol administration, although the gastric leptin level was not affected. The leptin level in the adipose tissue was significantly increased 3 hr after administration. We conclude that the decreased serum leptin level after ethanol administration might be due to suppression of leptin secretion from adipose tissue to the systemic circulation. These findings might be important for understanding the relationship between alcohol consumption and appetite.

An inverse association between serum leptin concentration and reported alcohol intake in patients with manifest vascular disease

“…On the contrary, an interventional study (Röjdmark et al, 2001) observed in healthy subjects that acute intake of ethanol (0.45 g/kg, 3 doses, 2 h apart) inhibited leptin secretion. A similar study (Otaka et al, 2007) reported that the serum leptin level significantly decreased in rats 3-6 h after alcohol ingestion, whereas gastric levels remained unaffected and leptin concentration in fat tissue significantly increased. This study suggested that decreased serum leptin after alcohol administration might be due to the suppression of leptin secretion from adipose tissue into systemic circulation.…”

Alcohol and bone: review of dose effects and mechanisms

“…Leptin is able to affect the central nervous system (CNS) as well as peripheral tissues: it decreases bone mass through the CNS while also having an anabolic effect on bone by driving stem cell differentiation to the osteoblastic cell lineage [88,89]. Alcohol consumption decreases leptin concentrations in men and rats [41,90,91], as well as decreasing osteoblastogenesis and increasing adipogenesis concomitantly in the bone marrow, modifying the balance between osteogenesis and adipogenesis [92,93]. Consistent with this, an increase of the adipogenesis indicator PPARgamma and a decrease in osteocalcin have been observed in vitro on cloned bone marrow stem cells from mice and on human mesenchymal stem cells cultured with ethanol [94,95].…”

Detrimental Effects of Alcohol on Bone Growth

“…Alcohol alters serum leptin levels in humans and animals (Nicolas et al 2001;Santolaria et al 2003;Calissendorff et al 2004;Otaka et al 2007;Maddalozzo et al 2009). Decreased leptin levels are often associated with chronic alcohol consumption in humans, even after accounting for alcohol-induced reductions in fat mass (Nicolas et al 2001;Calissendorff et al 2004;Otaka et al 2007).…”

“…Decreased leptin levels are often associated with chronic alcohol consumption in humans, even after accounting for alcohol-induced reductions in fat mass (Nicolas et al 2001;Calissendorff et al 2004;Otaka et al 2007). However, the change in leptin levels depends upon the level and pattern of alcohol consumption.…”