Effect of alkalinization-bleaching and acid hydrolysis treatment stalk sweet sorghum waste on compatibilities in polypropylene matrix

Yuanita, Evana; Pratama, Anandiza Yoga; Kurnia, Herald; Kustiyah, Elvi; Ismojo,; Chalid, Mochamad

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/509/1/012080

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Natural fiber (NF) is a potential material for a reinforcing agent for polymers like NR due to its excellent properties and renewability. Sorghum, Kenaf, and Ijuk fibers are some of the fibers Polymers 2020, 12, 3017 2 of 19 that have been utilized as reinforcing agents for other types of polymers [3][4][5][6]. Some authors also studied the effect of incorporating NF into an NR matrix to the properties of the composites [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Modelling Study of the Effect of Adding Starch-Modified Natural Rubber Hybrid to the Vulcanization of Sorghum Fibers-Filled Natural Rubber

Chalid

Husnil

Puspitasari³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Natural rubber-starch copolymer hybrid obtained from our laboratory was used as an additive for rubber compound. In this work, the effect of adding this hybrid material to vulcanization kinetics of sorghum fibers-filled natural rubber was studied. The rubber compounds were added with hybrid material at various loadings, i.e., zero to two phr and thus cured at three different temperatures, i.e., 130, 140, and 150 °C. The molecular behaviors due to the hybrid addition were investigated by Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The rheological phenomena of the rubber compounds were studied by performing torque analysis in moving die rheometer. The obtained data were utilized to develop the thermodynamic modeling. The compatibility of sorghum fibers-natural rubber blends in the presence of starch-modified natural rubber were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM). FTIR results show noticeable changes in the peak intensity of particular functional groups from rubber and natural fiber as evidence of molecular interaction enhancements between rubber and natural fibers caused by incorporating the starch-modified natural rubber coupling agent to rubber-natural fiber blends. The curing time for these blends was reduced with lower required activation energy. SEM images show no visible gaps in morphology between natural rubber and the filler indicating that the addition of hybrid material to the blends also improves the compatibility between the fibers and the rubber matrix.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Modelling Study of the Effect of Adding Starch-Modified Natural Rubber Hybrid to the Vulcanization of Sorghum Fibers-Filled Natural Rubber

Chalid

Husnil

Puspitasari³

et al. 2020

Polymers

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“…Ramahdita also reported that chemical treatment via alkalinization-acid hydrolysis produced the most crystalline MFC compared to alkalinization and bleaching [17]. However, on the contrary, it was reported by Evana et al that the chemical modification of sorghum fiber with the alkanization-bleaching process showed higher compatibility and tensile strength than the alkanization-acid hydrolysis process [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Investigation Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Composite with Difference Composition of Nucleating Agent Based Sorghum Fiber

Zainuddin,

Nurtiasto,

Nugraha

et al. 2024

MSF

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the mechanical effects of polypropylene using sorghum fiber as nucleating agent. Alkalization, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis are all used to chemically modify sorghum fiber. This modified sorghum fiber was then mixed with polypropylene as a polymer matrix for 10 minutes in a rheomix at 100 rpm at 165°C and molded in a hot press. The results of this study suggest that acid hydrolysis can improve the crystallinity and compatibility of sorghum fiber. Furthermore, at 23.44 MPa, the optimum mechanical characteristics of a mixture of polypropylene and micro fibrillated cellulose (MFC) from sorghum fiber were achieved from 0.5% MFC resulting from acid hydrolysis.

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“…Starting of this problem, SSS has become a novel and potential raw material for composite reinforcement. Moreover, it has higher cellulose content than bagasse and rice straw (Handayani et al, 2019;Ismojo et al, 2018;Pires et al, 2019;Qi et al, 2015;Yuanita et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon created the intermolecular hydrogen bonding in fiber. The condition will give result in the lack of interface between them and leads failure during the stress transfer from one phase to another (Jaafar et al, 2019;Olonisakin et al, 2021;Qi et al, 2015;Yuanita et al, 2019). Therefore, it is very important to modify the fibers with a treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alkalization treatment was done by soaking SSS fiber in 4% (w/w) NaOH in agitated condition for 3 hours at temperature 70-90 •C in repeated 3 cycles prior to bleaching treatment (Ismojo et al, 2018). While Handayani used NaOH 15% solution for 1 hour at 70 •C, Husnil, Ismojo and Yuanita used NaOH 10% solution for 2 hours at 70 •C when treated the SSS fiber before bleaching treatment (Handayani et al, 2019;Husnil et al, 2019;Ismojo et al, 2019;Yuanita et al, 2019). Pressurized cooker treatment for SSS fiber has been done by Ismojo with the variation of heating time and the result showed that there was an increasing in crystallinity index compared to pristine fiber (Ismojo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of Composite Reinforced Agent Based on Sweet Sorghum Stalk Fiber through Alkali Pressure Steam Treated Method

Yuanita

Adi²,

Ismojo³

et al. 2022

JBAT

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Increasing global concern to environmental issues and sustainability related to preservation of non-renewable natural resources has encouraged research to develop new environmental friendly materials and products based on renewable natural resources. Sorghum fiber has potential to be a composite reinforcement because it has a good mechanical properties, environmental friendly and inexpensive. The preparation process of sorghum fiber is needed to improve its compatibility with polypropylene (PP). Thermal alkalization is the method used in conducting fiber preparation. In this study, alkalization-thermal treatment with 0%, 5% and 10% NaOH and pressurized steam for 1 and 3 minutes was carried out to change the hydrophobicity of sorghum fiber. The most optimum result was obtained at 5% NaOH concentration with 3 minutes pressure-soaking, showing cleaner and fibrillated morphology based on FESEM testing. It was less lignin and hemicellulose content as indicated by FTIR testing result, better hydrophobicity as indicated through Sessil Drop testing result that showed contact angle of 120.9◦, as well as significant increase in crystallinity index of 6.3% as indicated through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) test result. The increase in the hydrophobicity of the modified sorghum fiber indicated the increase of the natural fiber compatibility with polymer matrix.

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Effect of alkalinization-bleaching and acid hydrolysis treatment stalk sweet sorghum waste on compatibilities in polypropylene matrix

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental and Modelling Study of the Effect of Adding Starch-Modified Natural Rubber Hybrid to the Vulcanization of Sorghum Fibers-Filled Natural Rubber

Experimental and Modelling Study of the Effect of Adding Starch-Modified Natural Rubber Hybrid to the Vulcanization of Sorghum Fibers-Filled Natural Rubber

Investigation Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Composite with Difference Composition of Nucleating Agent Based Sorghum Fiber

Preparation of Composite Reinforced Agent Based on Sweet Sorghum Stalk Fiber through Alkali Pressure Steam Treated Method

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