Effect of Allowing Choice of Diet on Weight Loss

Yancy, William S.; Mayer, Stephanie; Smith, Valerie A.; Kolotkin, Ronette L.; Geiselman, Paula J.; McVay, Megan A.; Oddone, Eugene Z.; Voils, Corrine I.

doi:10.7326/m14-2358

Cited by 43 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The majority of patients who did not complete the assessment were lost to follow-up. See the primary outcomes paper for additional details on participant retention (Yancy et al, 2015). The average age of participants was 54.7 years old, and 73% were male.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Details of the study design, procedures and intervention have been reported (Yancy et al 2015). Study participants were recruited from the Durham Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center between June 2011 and June 2012 via advertisements posted in clinic and hospital areas and referrals by VA health care personnel.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Missing 48 week weight measurements were estimated using best linear unbiased predictors from the mixed models used for primary analysis of weight outcomes (Littell, Milliken, Stroup, Wolfinger, & Schabenberger, 2006; Yancy et al 2015). As previously noted, this analysis was conducted only in the no-choice study arm to take advantage of randomization to diet that occurred in that arm, eliminating the possibility of confounding due to self-selection of diet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They completed a 48-week behavioral weight loss intervention. In that study, we found that individuals who selected their own diet and those who were randomly assigned a diet did not differ in weight loss (Yancy et al 2015). In the current paper, we analyzed a validated measure of food preferences administered at baseline and every 12 weeks thereafter, allowing us to directly test longitudinal associations between food preferences and weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets

et al. 2016

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Understanding associations between food preferences and weight loss during various effective diets could inform efforts to personalize dietary recommendations and provide insight into weight loss mechanisms. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial in which participants were randomized to either a ‘choice’ arm, in which they were allowed to select between a low-fat diet (n=44) or low-carbohydrate diet (n=61), or to a ‘no choice’ arm, in which they were randomly assigned to a low-fat diet (n=49) or low-carbohydrate diet (n=53). All participants were provided 48 weeks of lifestyle counseling. Food preferences were measured at baseline and every 12 weeks thereafter with the Geiselman Food Preference Questionnaire. Participants were 73% male and 51% African American, with a mean age of 55. Baseline food preferences, including congruency of food preferences with diet, were not associated with weight outcomes. In the low-fat diet group, no associations were found between changes in food preferences and weight over time. In the low-carbohydrate diet group, increased preference for low-carbohydrate diet congruent foods from baseline to 12 weeks was associated with weight loss from 12 to 24 weeks. Additionally, weight loss from baseline to 12 weeks was associated with increased preference for low-carbohydrate diet congruent foods from 12 to 24 weeks. Results suggest that basing selection of low-carbohydrate diet or low-fat diet on food preferences is unlikely to influence weight loss. Congruency of food preferences and weight loss may influence each other early during a low-carbohydrate diet but not low-fat diet, possibly due to different features of these diets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Food preferences and weight change during low-fat and low-carbohydrate diets

et al. 2016

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“…The weight loss program was an abbreviated version of a previous protocol that focused on calorie and fat restriction (16). It included education and strategies for behavior initiation as outlined in our theoretical model, including goal setting and self-monitoring of dietary intake and physical activity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance of Weight Loss After Initiation of Nutrition Training

et al. 2017

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Background Weight regain after successful weight loss interventions is common. Objective To establish the efficacy of a weight loss maintenance program compared with usual care in obese adults. Design 2-group, parallel, randomized trial stratified by initial weight loss (<10 kg vs. ≥10 kg), conducted from 20 August 2012 to 18 December 2015. Outcome assessors were blinded to treatment assignment. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01357551) Setting 3 primary care clinics at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in Durham and Raleigh, North Carolina. Patients Obese outpatients (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) who lost 4 kg or more of body weight during a 16-week, group-based weight loss program. Intervention The maintenance intervention, delivered primarily by telephone, addressed satisfaction with outcomes, relapse-prevention planning, self-monitoring, and social support. Usual care involved no contact except for study measurements. Measurements Primary outcome was mean weight regain at week 56. Secondary outcomes included self-reported caloric intake, walking, and moderate physical activity. Results Of 504 patients in the initial program, 222 lost at least 4 kg of body weight and were randomly assigned to maintenance (n = 110) or usual care (n = 112). Retention was 85%. Most patients were middle-aged white men. Mean weight loss during initiation was 7.2 kg (SD, 3.1); mean weight at randomization was 103.6 kg (SD, 20.4). Estimated mean weight regain was statistically significantly lower in the intervention (0.75 kg) than the usual care (2.36 kg) group (estimated mean difference, 1.60 kg [95% CI, 0.07 to 3.13 kg]; P = 0.040). No statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes were seen at 56 weeks. No adverse events directly attributable to the intervention were observed. Limitations Results may not generalize to other settings or populations. Dietary intake and physical activity were self-reported. Duration was limited to 56 weeks. Conclusion An intervention focused on maintenance-specific strategies and delivered in a resource-conserving way modestly slowed the rate of weight regain in obese adults.

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