Effect of alternan <i>versus</i> chitosan on the biological properties of human mesenchymal stem cells

Charoenwongpaiboon, Thanapon; Supraditaporn, Kantpitchar; Klaimon, Phatchanat; Wangpaiboon, Karan; Pichyangkura, Rath; Issaragrisil, Surapol; Lorthongpanich, Chanchao

doi:10.1039/c8ra10263e

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…HMM alternan is more soluble in water and less viscous than dextran, making it a good substitute of Arabic gum (29,30). It was also recently shown to form nanoparticles of interest for biomedical applications (31) and to promote the proliferation, migration and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (32). In addition, oligoalternans obtained by acceptor reaction with maltose (33)(34)(35)(36) are hydrolyzed only by a limited number of microbial glycoside hydrolases such as isomaltodextranases (29) or alternanases (37) and are resistant to mammalian enzymes, which is of interest for applications as prebiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A specific oligosaccharide-binding site in the alternansucrase catalytic domain mediates alternan elongation

Molina

Moulis

Monties

et al. 2020

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Microbial α-glucans produced by GH70 (glycoside hydrolase family 70) glucansucrases are gaining importance because of the mild conditions for their synthesis from sucrose, their biodegradability, and their current and anticipated applications that largely depend on their molar mass. Focusing on the alternansucrase (ASR) from Leuconostoc citreum NRRL B-1355, a well-known glucansucrase catalyzing the synthesis of both high- and low-molar-mass alternans, we searched for structural traits in ASR that could be involved in the control of alternan elongation. The resolution of five crystal structures of a truncated ASR version (ASRΔ2) in complex with different gluco-oligosaccharides pinpointed key residues in binding sites located in the A and V domains of ASR. Biochemical characterization of three single mutants and three double mutants targeting the sugar-binding pockets identified in domain V revealed an involvement of this domain in alternan binding and elongation. More strikingly, we found an oligosaccharide-binding site at the surface of domain A, distant from the catalytic site and not previously identified in other glucansucrases. We named this site surface-binding site (SBS) A1. Among the residues lining the SBS-A1 site, two (Gln700 and Tyr717) promoted alternan elongation. Their substitution to alanine decreased high-molar-mass alternan yield by a third, without significantly impacting enzyme stability or specificity. We propose that the SBS-A1 site is unique to alternansucrase and appears to be designed to bind alternating structures, acting as a mediator between the catalytic site and the sugar-binding pockets of domain V and contributing to a processive elongation of alternan chains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A specific oligosaccharide-binding site in the alternansucrase catalytic domain mediates alternan elongation

Molina

Moulis

Monties

et al. 2020

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…Native alternan is easily soluble in water, which is quite convenient for use, reaching concentrations up to 10% which can be increased by mechanical agitation or by ultrasonication which randomly hydrolyzes the covalent linkages of polymers to smaller fragments with higher solubility (Charoenwongpaiboon et al 2019;Côté et al 1997). In addition, some glycan hydrolyzing enzymes can be also used for this purpose (Leathers et al 2010).…”

Section: Biomedical and Technological Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not only alternan itself, but also its derivatives such as alternan-carboxylic acid esters are particularly suitable for use in foods, pharmaceutical products or cosmetics as emulsifiers and surfactants (Frohberg et al 2009). Unlike many other polysaccharides, including glycans, alternan's functions in cell biology, especially relative to cell growth and differentiation as well as its potential for medical use are still not well understood (Charoenwongpaiboon et al 2019). Recent promising results in this regard demonstrate biological effects of alternan, promoting the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).…”

Section: Biomedical and Technological Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular polysaccharides produced by bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus

Zikmanis

Brants²,

Koļesovs

et al. 2020

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Structurally diverse biopolymers, including extracellular polysaccharides (EPS), synthesized by bacteria can possess physicochemical and functional properties that make them important products of microbial synthesis with a broad and versatile biotechnological potential. Leuconostoc spp. belongs to the group of lactic acid bacteria as one of the predominant members and are relevant not only in varied food fermentations, but also can be employed in the production of extracellular homopolysaccharides (HoPS) such as α-glucans (dextran, alternan) and β-fructans (levan,inulin) from the sucrose-containing substrates. EPS are synthesized by specific Leuconostoc spp. extracellular glycosyltransferases [dextran sucrase, alternansucrase (ASR)] and fructosyltransferases (levansucrase, inulosucrase) and enzymatic reactions can be performed in whole culture systems as well as using cell-free enzymes. Both α-glucans and β-fructans have a wide range of properties, mostly depending on their pattern of linkages, which, although differing in some respects, make suitable prerequisites for their versatile application in many fields, especially in the food industry and biomedicine. As a rule, these properties (polymer type, molecular mass, rheological parameters), as well as the overall EPS yield, are strain-specific for the selected producers and depend to a large extent on the nutritional and growth conditions used, which in many cases remain not sufficiently optimized for Leuconostoc spp. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the potential of Leuconostoc spp. to produce commercially relevant EPS, including information on their applications in various fields, producer strains, production methods and techniques used, selected conditions, the productivity of bioprocesses as well as the possible use of renewable resources for their development.

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“…reduced its molecular weight and generated alternan derivatives with similar rheological properties to those of commercial arabic gum, providing new applications for alternan (Côté, 1992 Cote, 2009). In addition, alternan has been shown to promote the cell proliferation, migration and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (Charoenwongpaiboon et al, 2019), showing promising medical applications of alternan.…”

Section: Alternanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structures, physico-chemical properties, production and (potential) applications of sucrose-derived α-d-glucans synthesized by glucansucrases

Wang

Meng

et al. 2020

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Effect of alternan versus chitosan on the biological properties of human mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract: Alternan α-1,3- and α-1,6-linked glucan, promotes proliferation, migration, and differentiation of human MSCs.

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

A specific oligosaccharide-binding site in the alternansucrase catalytic domain mediates alternan elongation

A specific oligosaccharide-binding site in the alternansucrase catalytic domain mediates alternan elongation

Extracellular polysaccharides produced by bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus

Structures, physico-chemical properties, production and (potential) applications of sucrose-derived α-d-glucans synthesized by glucansucrases

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