Effect of amaranth proteins on the RAS system. In vitro, in vivo and ex vivo assays

Abstract

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Antidiabetic Food-Derived Peptides for Functional Feeding: Production, Functionality and In Vivo Evidences

“…In these assays, different biological parameters are measured. In the case of antihypertensive peptides, blood pressure and plasma ACE and renin concentrations are measured [230]. Animal models of type 2 diabetes usually reflect insulin resistance and/or beta cell failure.…”

Amaranth as a Source of Antihypertensive Peptides

“…180 mmHg) began to decrease at 3 h after the administration of either captopril of the hydrolysate, reaching the lowest value after 5 h (110 and 140 mmHg for animals treated with captopril or the hydrolysate, respectively). Suaŕez et al (2020) have recently demonstrated that different products derived from amaranth, a protein isolate, an alcalase hydrolysate, VIKP (a peptide with proven antihypertensive activity, or an oil-water emulsion formulated with isolatehydrolyzed amaranth as a surfactant with and without the addition of VIKP), have antihypertensive activity in SHR. It should be noted that the amount of sample supplied to the animals was 38 times lower in the case of VIKP (50 mg/Kg rat vs 1.9 g protein/Kg rat).…”

“… Suárez et al. (2020) have recently demonstrated that different products derived from amaranth, a protein isolate, an alcalase hydrolysate, VIKP (a peptide with proven antihypertensive activity, or an oil-water emulsion formulated with isolate-hydrolyzed amaranth as a surfactant with and without the addition of VIKP), have antihypertensive activity in SHR.…”

“…This type of bioactive emulsion displaying antihypertensive properties opens possibilities for the formulation of functional foods, such as dressings. Previously it was discussed that Suárez et al. (2020) have shown that these emulsions administered to Wistar SHR reduce their BP to normal values.…”

“…On the other hand, it has recently been demonstrated that amaranth storage proteins, like other proteins of plant and animal origin, have encrypted amino acid sequences displaying different physiological activities: antihypertensive, antioxidant, antiproliferative/antitumor, antithrombotic, antihaemolitic, antimicrobial, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglycemic, and immunomodulatory. These sequences can be released by enzymatic treatment, through fermentative processes or during the gastrointestinal digestion ( Barrio and Añón, 2010 ; Lado et al., 2015 ; Sabbione et al., 2016a ; Sabbione et al., 2016b ; Moronta et al., 2016a ; Moronta et al., 2016b ; Orsini Delgado et al., 2016 ; García Fillería and Tironi, 2017 ; Quiroga et al., 2017 ; Orona-Tamayo et al., 2019 ; Martinez-Lopez et al., 2020 ; Nardo et al., 2020 ; Suárez et al., 2020 ).…”