Effect of ambient gas on cavity formation for sphere impacts on liquids

Williams, Hollis; Sprittles, James E.; Padrino, Juan C.; Denissenko, Petr

doi:10.1103/physrevfluids.7.094003

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These results are in line with research on water entry of a sphere at reduced ambient pressures (Gilbarg & Anderson 1948;Abelson 1970;Yakimov 1973). Furthermore, in the recent work of Williams et al (2022), it was found that the most important gas parameter influencing the lamella ejection is the gas density. Although, in the latter, air density prevents cavity collapse by resisting the contact line movement (Williams et al 2022).…”

Section: Bernoulli Suction Regimesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Although, in the latter, air density prevents cavity collapse by resisting the contact line movement (Williams et al. 2022).…”

Section: Cavity Dynamics Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in the recent work of Williams et al (2022), it was found that the most important gas parameter influencing the lamella ejection is the gas density. Although, in the latter, air density prevents cavity collapse by resisting the contact line movement (Williams et al 2022).…”

Section: Bernoulli Suction Regimementioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfluidic jet impacts on deep pools: transition from capillary-dominated cavity closure to gas-pressure-dominated closure at higher Weber numbers

Kroeze,

Fernandez Rivas,

Quetzeri-Santiago

2024

J. Fluid Mech.

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Studying liquid jet impacts on a liquid pool is crucial for various engineering and environmental applications. During jet impact, the free surface of the pool deforms and a cavity is generated. Simultaneously, the free surface of the cavity extends radially outward and forms a rim. Eventually the cavity collapses by means of gas inertia and surface tension. Our numerical investigation using an axisymmetric model in Basilisk C explores cavity collapse dynamics under different impact velocities and gas densities. We validate our model against theory and experiments across a previously unexplored parameter range. Our results show two distinct regimes in the cavity collapse mechanism. By considering forces pulling along the interface, we derive scaling arguments for the time of closure and maximum radius of the cavity, based on the Weber number. For jets with uniform constant velocity from tip to tail and $We \leqslant 150$ , the cavity closure is capillary-dominated and happens below the surface (deep seal). In contrast, for $We \geqslant 180$ the cavity closure happens above the surface (surface seal) and is dominated by the gas entrainment and the pressure gradient that it causes. Additionally, we monitor gas velocity and pressure throughout the impact process. This analysis reveals three critical moments of maximum gas velocity: before impact, at the instant of cavity collapse and during droplet ejection following cavity collapse. Our results provide information for understanding pollutant transport during droplet impacts on large bodies of water, and other engineering applications, like additive manufacturing, lithography and needle-free injections.

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Section: Bernoulli Suction Regimesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Although, in the latter, air density prevents cavity collapse by resisting the contact line movement (Williams et al. 2022).…”

Section: Cavity Dynamics Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfluidic jet impacts on deep pools: transition from capillary-dominated cavity closure to gas-pressure-dominated closure at higher Weber numbers

Kroeze,

Fernandez Rivas,

Quetzeri-Santiago

2024

J. Fluid Mech.

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“…The interplay of dynamic wetting and gas films also underpins the relation between precontact and postcontact dynamics, explored by Zhang et al (2022) and by de Goede et al ( 2019) under different ambient conditions; the entrapment of gas bubbles during spreading (Thoroddsen et al 2010); the remarkable extreme wetting of liquid bridges that have formed in drop contact spots (Langley et al 2017); the influence of gas on cavity formation when solid spheres impact baths (see Figure 9b) (Duez et al 2007, Williams et al 2022; and the stability of wetting contacts on hot surfaces, which govern Leidenfrost stability (Chantelot & Lohse 2021b).…”

Section: Dynamic Wettingmentioning

confidence: 89%

Gas Microfilms in Droplet Dynamics: When Do Drops Bounce?

Sprittles

2024

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

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In the last ten years, advances in experimental techniques have enabled remarkable discoveries of how the dynamics of thin gas films can profoundly influence the behavior of liquid droplets. Drops impacting onto solids can skate on a film of air so that they bounce off solids. For drop–drop collisions, this effect, which prevents coalescence, has been long recognized. Notably, the precise physical mechanisms governing these phenomena have been a topic of intense debate, leading to a synergistic interplay of experimental, theoretical, and computational approaches. This review attempts to synthesize our knowledge of when and how drops bounce, with a focus on ( a) the unconventional microscale and nanoscale physics required to predict transitions to/from merging and ( b) the development of computational models. This naturally leads to the exploration of an array of other topics, such as the Leidenfrost effect and dynamic wetting, in which gas films also play a prominent role. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Volume 56 is January 2024. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

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Effect of ambient gas on cavity formation for sphere impacts on liquids

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Cited by 2 publications

References 36 publications

Microfluidic jet impacts on deep pools: transition from capillary-dominated cavity closure to gas-pressure-dominated closure at higher Weber numbers

Microfluidic jet impacts on deep pools: transition from capillary-dominated cavity closure to gas-pressure-dominated closure at higher Weber numbers

Gas Microfilms in Droplet Dynamics: When Do Drops Bounce?

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