Effect of Amino Acid Imbalance on Plasma and Tissue Free Amino Acids in the Rat

Leung, Philip M.B.; Rogers, Quinton R.; Harper, Alfred E.

doi:10.1093/jn/96.3.303

Cited by 70 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Uma das respostas bioquímicas de animais alimentados com dietas em desequilíbrio de aminoácidos é a diminuição rápida na concentração do aminoácido limitante no plasma (Leung et al, 1968). Segundo Davis & Austic (1982a;1994), a redução da concentração do aminoácido limitante no plasma é ocasionada pelo aumento do seu catabolismo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito de diferentes relações treonina: lisina digestíveis, suplementadas ou não com glicina, sobre a atividade enzimática em pintos de corte

Bernardino¹,

Albino²,

Rostagno³

et al. 2011

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da suplementação de glicina em dietas com diferentes relações treonina:lisina digestíveis sobre a atividade de enzimas que metabolizam a treonina. Foram utilizados 560 pintos de corte machos, linhagem Cobb, durante o período de 8 a 21 dias de idade, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, num arranjo fatorial 3 × 2 + 1, composto de três relações treonina:lisina digestíveis (55; 65 e 75%), com suplementação ou não de glicina, mais um tratamento adicional, contendo farinha de carne e ossos e com relação treonina:lisina digestíveis de 65%. Utilizaram-se oito repetições por tratamento e 10 aves por unidade experimental alojadas em baterias metálicas. Procedeu-se à coleta total de excretas durante toda a fase experimental. Para determinação da atividade das enzimas treonina aldolase, treonina desidrogenase e treonina desidratase, foram abatidas no final do experimento duas aves por unidade experimental para retirada do fígado. As relações treonina:lisina influenciaram a atividade das três enzimas no fígado: a maior atividade de treonina aldolase foi para a relação de 75%; a de treonina desidrogenase para a relação de 65%, e a de treonina desidratase para a relação de 55%. A suplementação de glicina reduz a atividade de todas as enzimas avaliadas.Palavras-chave: treonina aldolase, treonina desidratase, treonina desidrogenase Effect of different digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios, with or without glycine supplementation, on the enzymatic activity in broiler chicks ABSTRACT -The experiment was conducted with the objective evaluating the effect of supplementation of glycine in diets with different digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios on the activity of enzymes that metabolize threonine. Five hundred and sixty male broiler chicks from the Cobb strain were used during the period of 8 to 21 days, distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 3 × 2 + 1 factorial arrangement, with 3 digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratios (55; 65 and 75%), with or without supplementation of glycine, plus an additional treatment, containing meat and bone meal, with a 65% digestible threonine:digestible lysine ratio. Eight repetitions were used per treatment and 10 birds per experimental unit, allotted in metal battery cages. The total excreta collection was performed throughout the whole experimental stage. For the determination of the activity of the threonine aldolase, threonine dehydrogenase and threonine dehydratase enzymes, at the end of the experiment, two birds were slaughtered and had their livers extracted. The threonine:lysine ratios influenced the activity of the three enzymes in the liver; while the greatest activity of the threonine aldolase was for the ratio of 75%, for threonine dehydrogenase it was 65%, and for the threonine dehydratase it was 55%. Supplementation of glycine reduced the activity of all enzymes evaluated.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Efeito de diferentes relações treonina: lisina digestíveis, suplementadas ou não com glicina, sobre a atividade enzimática em pintos de corte

Bernardino¹,

Albino²,

Rostagno³

et al. 2011

R. Bras. Zootec.

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“…Although arginine is synthesized by the liver and kidney, this amino acid, in a manner similar to dietary essential amino acids, shows a decreased concentration in plasma or blood if omitted from the diet of rats (Gross et al, 1991;Hartman and Prior, 1992;Hartman et al, 1994). An imbalanced pattern of essential amino acids in the diet produces an imbalanced pattern of amino acids in muscle tissue, characterized by an exaggerated decrease in the concentration of the most-limiting amino acid in the diet (Leung et al, 1968). The effects of amino acid defined diets on amino acid concentrations in body tissues such as muscle have not been well-studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding and arginine deficient diets differentially alter free amino acid concentrations of hindlimb muscle in young rats

Hartman

Prior

1997

Amino Acids

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Summary. The objective of these experiments was to examine short-and long-term (7 d) effects of arginine-deficient diets on free amino acid concentrations in hindlimb muscle of rats. In rats fed the control diet containing arginine (+Arg), muscle alanine and methionine concentrations were higher 1 and 2h after feeding compared to food-deprived rats, whereas branchedchain amino acids, arginine and asparagine concentrations were lower postprandially. In Experiment 1, rats were fed an arginine-deficient (-Arg) diet with glutamate (+Glu) substituted for arginine; alanine (+Ala), ornithine (+ Orn) or citrulline (+ Cit) were substituted for arginine in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, arginine concentrations decreased in blood but not in muscle. This contrasts with rats fed -Arg/+ Ala or -Arg/+ Orn diets which had muscle arginine concentrations less than half the concentrations in controls or in rats fed the -Arg/+Cit diet. Muscle essential amino acids in Experiment 2 did not differ by diet, but muscle branched-chain amino acids were elevated relative to controls in the rats fed -Arg/+Ala or -Arg/+Orn diets; however, rats fed the -Arg/+ Cit diet had levels similar to the controls. Also, muscle branched-chain amino acids were correlated with glutamine concentrations in both blood and muscle. The measurements in the post-meal period suggest that muscle amino acid concentrations may more closely reflect dietary amino acid patterns than do blood amino concentrations.

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“…Plasma amino acid' patterns· in all three experiments were typical of imbalance effects (Leung et al 1968b). Threonine concentration (expts 1 and 2) and isoleucine concentration (expt 3) were reduced markedly, and rapidly, reaching their lowest levels within 6 h after first feeding the imbalanced mixture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…In experiment 1 the level of the missing amino acid rose after several days ingestion of the diet, a possible indication of an adaptation. Although it is often observed as a later response in imbalance studies with rats (Leung et al 1968b;Pant et al 1974) this effect was not apparent in experiments 2 or 3. In these two experiments, concentration in the basal diet was much lower than in experiment 1, and hence the threonine and isoleucine deficits were relatively greater.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Amino Acid Imbalance in the Liquid-fed Lamb

Rogers¹,

Egan²

1975

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Eleven Poll Dorset x Merino crossbred female lambs 4 weeks of age were trained to suck liquid diets from bottles. In three separate experiments liquid diets providing 14· 2 % (expt 1) 10· 6 % (expt 2) or 8·0 % (expt 3) of gross energy as protein and amino acids were fed. Responses in voluntary intake, growth rate and changes in plasma amino acid concentrations were studied when complete or incomplete mixtures of amino acids were added to the liquid diet. These mixtures supplied either: (1) all amino acids in quantities to bring the total of protein plus amino acids to provide more than 20% of dietary gross energy, the amino acids being provided in proportions estimated to meet adequately the lamb's requirements ('complete'); or (2) as the same total amount of amino acids but with the amino acid supplement devoid of threonine ('low-threonine', expts 1 and 2) or isoleucine ('low isoleucine', expt 3).In experiment 1, there was no food intake or growth depression after feeding the amino acid mixture lacking threonine.In both experiments 2 and 3, voluntary food intake was depressed to about 50 % of that observed in lambs fed the low protein diet, when the amino acid mixture devoid of threonine or of isoleucine, respectively, was fed. Addition of the missing amino acid to the low threonine and low isoleucine diets resulted in recovery of voluntary intake in experiments 2 and 3 respectively, but no significant improvement above that found after feeding the low protein (basal) diet.In experiments 1 and 2, after feeding the low threonine diet the threonine concentration in the blood plasma decreased markedly, while concentrations of total amino acids were elevated. Although there was no improvement in growth or food intake, the feeding of the diet containing the complete amino acid mixture resulted in an elevation of all essential amino acids including threonine. Similarly in experiment 3, plasma isoleucine concentration decreased in the lambs fed the isoleucine imbalanced diet.Results indicate that the suckled, preruminant lamb exhibits sensitivity to dietary amino acid imbalance, in a manner analogous to that found in simple-stomached animals. These results also clearly illustrate a depression in food intake associated with the deletion of a specific essential nutrient from the diet of the lamb.

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Effect of Amino Acid Imbalance on Plasma and Tissue Free Amino Acids in the Rat

Cited by 70 publications

References 27 publications

Efeito de diferentes relações treonina: lisina digestíveis, suplementadas ou não com glicina, sobre a atividade enzimática em pintos de corte

Efeito de diferentes relações treonina: lisina digestíveis, suplementadas ou não com glicina, sobre a atividade enzimática em pintos de corte

Feeding and arginine deficient diets differentially alter free amino acid concentrations of hindlimb muscle in young rats

Amino Acid Imbalance in the Liquid-fed Lamb

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