Effect of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on Preharvest Drop, Fruit Quality, and Maturation of `McIntosh' Apples. I. Concentration and Timing of Dilute Applications of AVG

Schupp, James R.; Greene, Duane W.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.39.5.1030

Cited by 71 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Application of AVG to apple trees close to harvest affects ethylene-mediated processes such as pre-harvest fruit abscission, fruit ripening and storage life (Autio and Bramlage 1982;Bangerth 1978;Byers 1997;Greene et al 2000;Golding et al 2005;Johnson 1998;Johnson and Colgan 2003;Mir et al 1999;Schupp and Greene 2004). AVG is the active constituent in ReTain Ò Plant Growth Regulator which is used commercially in apple orchards in many countries around the world to delay fruit maturation and to manipulate harvest and storage quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) delays fruit ripening and reduces pre-harvest fruit drop and ethylene production of bagged “Kogetsu” apples

et al. 2006

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Covering apple fruits with double layer waterproof bags to enhance fruit quality and evenness of blush colour is typical on many cultivars in Korea and Japan. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) applied to unbagged apple fruits at 3-4 weeks before commercial harvest reduces ethylene production in the fruit, delays fruit ripening and reduces pre-harvest fruit drop. Spray application of AVG to trees of bagged apples should have no effect on apple ripening as there is no direct contact with the fruit and the translocation of AVG in apple trees is regarded as negligible. However, preliminary experiments suggested that AVG applied to trees of bagged apples reduced pre-harvest fruit drop in ''Kotgetsu'' apples. This study investigated the effect of spray treatments of 125 ppm of AVG on fruit drop, fruit ripening (firmness, starch conversion and soluble solids) and ethylene production to whole trees with bagged or unbagged ''Kogetsu'' fruit, as well as sprays of only the bagged or unbagged fruit on trees on two orchards. AVG applied to whole trees with unbagged apples reduced fruit drop from an average of 58.9% to 10.4%, delayed starch conversion and decreased ethylene production. AVG applied to whole trees with bagged fruit was equally effective in reducing pre-harvest drop, delaying fruit ripening and reducing ethylene production. Application of AVG to unbagged fruit only was nearly as effective as application to whole trees with unbagged fruit but application to bagged fruit only had no effect on fruit ripening or ethylene production. Application of AVG to bagged fruit only did reduce fruit drop to an average of 42.5% but this was not as effective as spraying unbagged fruit only or whole trees with bagged fruit. Possible mechanisms for this effect are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) delays fruit ripening and reduces pre-harvest fruit drop and ethylene production of bagged “Kogetsu” apples

et al. 2006

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“…In this research, AVG concentration was applied as per label recommendations (ReTain TM , 83 g/100 L water) for apple and stone fruit (Jobling et al 2003;Phan-Thien et al 2004;Rath et al 2006). However, fruit drop decreased linearly with increasing concentration of AVG in apple (Greene 2002(Greene , 2005Schupp & Greene 2004) and likewise the delay of harvest maturity increased with higher rates of AVG in peach (Cline 2006). Similar effects of increased response to AVG concentration may be possible for feijoa.…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Time of application of AVG significantly influences fruit drop and maturity in apple (Greene 2002(Greene , 2005Schupp & Greene 2004). The ReTain TM label recommends commercial application at 2-4 weeks before anticipated harvest in apple.…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of preharvest application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on harvest maturity and storage life of ‘Unique’ feijoa

Rupavatharam

East

Heyes

2016

New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science

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In a previous study, feijoa harvested earlier than 'touch-picked' maturity appeared visually acceptable after 6 weeks of storage but had low soluble solids content (SSC) and high titratable acidity (TA). Given that feijoa display climacteric-like behaviour, manipulation of ethylene physiology prior to harvest may have the potential to alter this outcome. Subsequently, the aim of this work was to investigate the impact of preharvest aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) application on feijoa quality at harvest and during subsequent storage. The experiment comprised of three preharvest AVG treatments and two harvest occasions. AVG treatment dramatically reduced preharvest fruit drop. AVG treatment at 4 weeks before current commercial harvest timing was effective in delaying maturity. AVG treatment suppressed ethylene production rates during storage. However, AVG treatment did not alter quality (firmness, SSC, TA and flesh colour) after storage. This result adds to the evidence that postharvest ripening in feijoa may be regulated independent of ethylene despite the typical climacteric increase in ethylene observed. The results also confirmed that fruit harvested early were storable for 6 weeks without exhibiting internal browning, but having a high TA and low SSC that may affect their taste acceptability. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…The ability of AVG, as ReTain, to enhance pecan fruit retention is consistent with similar effects on certain walnut (Juglans regia L. cv. Serr) cultivars (Anderson et al, 2006;Beede and Polito, 2003;Buchner et al, 2006) and certain other tree or vine fruit crops (Belding and Lokaj, 2002;Bregoli et al, 2002;Byers, 1997Byers, , 1998aByers, , 1998bClayton et al, 2000;Dal-Cin et al, 2008;Greene, 2002Greene, , 2005Greene, , 2006Greene and Schupp, 2004;Hayama et al, 2008;Hu et al, 2002;Rath et al, 2006;Salazar-Garciìa et al, 2006;Schupp and Greene, 2004;Shafer et al, 1997;Webster et al, 2006;Williams, 1980). The product may therefore exhibit potential as a horticultural tool for crop load management in pecan (Wood et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on Yield and Quality of Nut Crops from a Commercial Pecan Orchard

Wood¹

2011

horts

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Excessive fruit drop (i.e., June drop) can limit orchard profitability of certain pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] cultivars. The present study examines efficacy of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG; formulated as ReTain®; Valent BioSciences, Libertyville, IL), a natural ethylene inhibitor, for increasing nutmeat yield in a commercial ‘Desirable’ pecan orchard over a 2-year period. The 30-ha experiment consisted of two treatments (nontreated versus ReTain) in the first year, an “off” year in the orchard's alternate bearing cycle. The second year's study, an “on” year, consisted of four treatments (i.e., “08 nontreated + 09 nontreated,” “08ReTain + 09 nontreated,” “08 nontreated + 09 ReTain,” and “08ReTain + 09 ReTain”). AVG, as ReTain [132 mg·L−1 a.i. (11.7 oz/acre)], was applied as two post-pollination canopy sprays (937 L·ha−1) 2 weeks apart in both years. During the “off” year, ReTain increased nut yield parameters with ReTain increasing kernel yield by 36% (704 kg·ha−1 versus 516 kg·ha−1) over that of nontreated trees. In the subsequent “on” crop year, the trees exhibiting a ReTain-associated previous year yield increase of ≈36% exhibited a reduction in yield of ≈25%, thus largely negating the previous season's yield increase over a 2-year alternate bearing cycle. Additionally, ReTain-treated trees during the “on” year failed to exhibit an increase in yield parameters over that of the nontreated control. As a result of a lag effect on subsequent year yield parameters, ReTain offers potential as a crop-load management tool for ‘Desirable’ orchards in “off” years such as a year of relatively high nutmeat price followed by a year of relatively low price. There appears to be no positive effect on yield when used in a heavy crop-load “on” year of an alternate bearing cycle. Thus, ReTain might have benefit for stabilizing alternate bearing in ‘Desirable’ pecan orchards. Kernel quality (defined as percentage of nut weight as kernel) of individual nuts from “on” year trees was not as sensitive to units of yield increase as for individual nuts of “off” year trees, thus implying that the rate of assimilate partitioning to individual reproductive structures in “off”-year trees is not as great as that in “on”-year trees.

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Effect of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on Preharvest Drop, Fruit Quality, and Maturation of `McIntosh' Apples. I. Concentration and Timing of Dilute Applications of AVG

Cited by 71 publications

References 10 publications

Foliar application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) delays fruit ripening and reduces pre-harvest fruit drop and ethylene production of bagged “Kogetsu” apples

Foliar application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) delays fruit ripening and reduces pre-harvest fruit drop and ethylene production of bagged “Kogetsu” apples

Effects of preharvest application of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on harvest maturity and storage life of ‘Unique’ feijoa

Influence of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) on Yield and Quality of Nut Crops from a Commercial Pecan Orchard

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