Effect of aminopyridinium-based ionic liquids against larvae ofCulex pipiens(Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract

Culex pipiens is the most abundant mosquito in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah region, Saudi Arabia, transmitting several diseases like elephantiasis, avian malaria, and arboviruses. It has become resistant to several insecticides worldwide, and the search for new alternatives should be prioritized. Because of their biological profile and eco-friendly nature, ionic liquids (ILs) have recently attracted the attention of biologists. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of six ILs against C. pipiens larvae. Larval mortality, LC 50 , LC 90 , LT 50 and residual activity of ILS were determined. Aqueous solutions of tested ILs showed up to 100% larval mortality 24 h after exposure. Significant concentration-and time-based differences in larval mortality were found for a given IL as well as between different ILs. Ultimately, the ILs tested in the current study could be arranged in descending order according to their toxicity against larvae as follows: IL7, IL5, IL4, IL1, IL2 and IL6.

Ovicidal, pupicidal and bactericidal effects of aminopyridinium-based ionic liquids onCulex pipiensand certain human pathogenic bacteria

“…new safe and degradable compounds should be encouraged for controlling mosquitoes. This study highlights the promising potential of ILs as practical alternatives to conventional insecticides [56]. Similar recent studies showed that numerous plant extracts and Eucalyptus oil have a potent effect at lower concentrations against larvae and pupae of different mosquito species [75,76].…”

“…Pupae alongside larvae of C. pipiens were collected from the DWW drain area of Saad Al-Ghab [56]. Numerous water samples were collected and poured into 5L containers, The sampled water with larvae and pupae was then transferred into plastic trays (25 × 25 × 15 cm) which were 2/3 filled and kept at 24 ± 2°C for further experiments.…”

“…Based on [56], ILs concentrations, 0.0156, 0.0312, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 g/L, were tested for their effect against eggs. Concentrations, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 g/L, showed an effect against C. pipiens eggs, so they were selected for ovicidal bioassay.…”

“…Several ILs have antifungal and antimicrobial effects [50][51][52][53]. Ionic liquids also have repulsive and antifeedant effects against some insect pests [51,54] and show lethal effect against Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens larvae [55,56].…”

“…Culex pipiens considered among the most abundant mosquitoes in these studies. However, a previous study by [56] determined the efficacy of novel aminopyridinium-based ILs on C. pipiens larvae. The present hypothesis is to evaluate the ovicidal, pupicidal effects of these novel compounds as useful mosquitocidal agents.…”