Effect of Ammivisnagawater Extract Compared to Proximol (Halfa Bar Extract) in Treatment of induced Renal Lithiasis in a Mature Female Rabbit

Abstract

Nowadays people worldwide uses several medicinal plants especially for curing urinary lithiasis.Ammivisnaga is extensively distributed medicinal plant used for management of numerous diseases including urinary lithiasis.Cymbopogonproximus or called Halfa-bar suggested for use in medicine for the ejection of ureteric and renal calculi.Ammivisnagaand Halfa-barfound in Asia and several parts of the world. This study aimed at investigating and comparing both Ammivisnaga and Halfa-barextracts for their antiurolithicactivity using a mature female rabbit. Forty-two rabbits randomly divided into four groups.Group A negative control, group Bpositive control (chemically induced urolithiasis),group Clike group B but treated with Ammivisnaga extract 5 ml orally twice daily for 2 weeks and group Dlike group B but treated with Proximol (Halfa Bar extract) 5 ml twice daily for 2 weeks also.GC-MS analysis of alcoholic extract of AmmiVisnaga revealed the detection of main alkaloids Khellin, Visnagin, adulicin and enidimine, withothercompounds inlower quantity. The results show that group of induced urinary lithiasis for 14 days and 21 days showed clear body weight loss, higher consumption of drinking water and increased morning urine excretion. In addition to significant increase of blood urea, uric acid, serum creatinine and calcium levels.After 14 days of treatment with AmmiVisnaga extract and proximol we noticed reversed body weight loss and overcome low blood urea, serum uric acid, creatinine and calcium. Furthermore,urinary lithiasisgroups showed clear crystallization compared to the control urine samples, but after 14 days treatment with AmmiVisnaga and proximol extracts, there was nearly clearance of the urine and disappearance of the crystals from the urine. In conclusion, AmmiVisnaga and Proximol are safe and good diuretic herbs causes improvement in the body weight, high clearance in urine crystals and amelioration in kidney function compared to untreated group.