Effect of an Angle-Ply Orientation on Compression Strength of Composite Laminates

Hoppel, Christopher P.; Teresa, Steven J. De

doi:10.21236/ada368034

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…where i,j f g 1, 2, 3 f g and k 1, 2, …,N lamina f g . In Equations (2)(3)(4), the position within the laminate, x 3,k is shown in Figure 1A. The stiffness matrix is then inverted to form the compliance matrix as…”

Section: Effective Stiffness and Failure Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical and structural characteristics of a laminate is highly influenced by ply orientation. According to the layup, a given lamina in a laminate can produce compressive strain for a given load, whereas a laminate with a different layup can have individual lamina that produce both tensile and compressive strains as demonstrated by Hoppel and Teresa 3 . Considerable research has been conducted to measure or otherwise determine the ply orientation of a manufactured part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the layup, a given lamina in a laminate can produce compressive strain for a given load, whereas a laminate with a different layup can have individual lamina that produce both tensile and compressive strains as demonstrated by Hoppel and Teresa. 3 Considerable research has been conducted to measure or otherwise determine the ply orientation of a manufactured part. For example, Gillespie et al 4 used surface thermal measurements to extract the ply orientation of a fabricated composite.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A statistical approach for failure analysis involving uncertainty in determining ply orientation

Rahul,

Jack,

Smith

2024

Polymer Composites

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This article presents the uncertainty of the part performance due to the estimated ply orientations of a carbon fiber laminate inspected using ultrasound inspection. Recent developments to quantify the orientation using ultrasound inspection is accurate to within for each lamina. The research presented in the current work statistically analyzes the impact this uncertainty in measurement has on the resulting expected failure envelope using two different analytical methods: (1) Monte‐Carlo (MC) simulation approach extending classical laminate theory and (2) Closed form approach of Mean Value First Order Second Moment method based on derivatives of failure envelope as a function of lamina orientation. The results are validated against a commercial finite element‐based MC simulation approach. The Tsai‐Wu failure criteria is implemented to determine the first ply failure stresses by applying a variety of planer loads to form the failure envelope for a given layup sequence of a carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminate. In this article, using stochastic simulations, the failure envelope is no longer deterministic but is stochastic in nature and converts the reporting from a deterministic factor of safety concept to a probability of failure for a given loading state. The analysis is visualized and quantified using the cumulative‐density‐function (CDF), which demonstrates the similarity between the stochastic results and the classical deterministic approach. To demonstrate a possible end use of the presented statistical analysis, a study of a woven composite laminate is presented where the ply orientation is estimated using ultrasound and the resulting CDF of failure is presented.Highlights Statistical analysis (Monte‐Carlo, mean value, first order, second moment) on the ply orientation variability via ultrasound inspection. Statistical analysis of classical laminate theory and FE based Tsai‐Wu failure model is developed and compared. Tsai‐Wu failure envelope is quantified and visualized using cumulative density function.

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Section: Effective Stiffness and Failure Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A statistical approach for failure analysis involving uncertainty in determining ply orientation

Rahul,

Jack,

Smith

2024

Polymer Composites

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“…A similar trend was also found in Hoppel and De Teresa. 46 Shallow angle effect on static strengths of BX, TA, TX. The static tensile strengths X T of BX, TA, and TX were measured and predicted, as summarized in Figure 7.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of shallow angle on static strength and fatigue life of multi-directional laminates for wind turbine blades

Lece

Moriones

et al. 2016

Journal of Composite Materials

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The effects of the shallow angle on the static strength and the fatigue life of the multi-directional glass fiber-reinforced plastics for wind turbine blades were presented based on experimental results and predictions. The static tests and the tension–tension fatigue tests under cyclic fatigue loads with a stress ratio of 0.1 were performed on bi-axial (BX, [±θ]), tri-axial 1 (TA, [0/±θ2]), and tri-axial 2 (TX, [02/±θ]) laminates with ply angles θ of 25°, 35°, and 45°. A multiscale approach was applied to predict the static tensile and compressive strengths and the S–N curves of BX, TA, and TX laminates based on the constituents: fiber, matrix, and interface. Three ply-based failure criteria (Hashin, Puck, and Tsai–Wu) were also employed to predict the static strength and compare with the experimental results. The predictions and the experimental results show that the tensile strength increases as θ becomes shallower, while laminates with a shallow ply angle of 35° showed similar or even lower compressive strengths, especially for TA and TX laminates. The laminate fatigue life increases as θ becomes shallower. The shallow angle effect on strength and fatigue life is greater for BX than TA and TX laminates since the ply angle θ plays a more important role in BX. By using the multiscale approach, the shallow angle effect on the laminate static and fatigue behaviors were also explained based on the ply stresses as well as the constitutive micro stresses.

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“…A review of these models was presented and compared [4] and it showed once again that Rosen's model was found to be overestimating the experimental data. Since fiber alignment plays a dominant factor in determining the compressive strength of unidirectional composites, several researches have been conducted to study this factor, such as the effect of angleply orientation [5], random fiber waviness [6] and the effect of fiber waviness on the compressive strength of unidirectional carbon fiber composites [7]. It showed [5] that specimens with the [0/±30] architecture had both the highest Poisson's ration and the lowest calculated ply-level compression strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Compressive Strengths of Woven Glass-Epoxy Composites

Hadi

Trisolicha

2016

AMM

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Reliable experimental data on compressive strength of composite material are important, especially for designing structures having dominant compressive stresses, such as bolted joints. Composite materials usually have lower compressive strengths compared to tensile strengths. Woven composites added more complications. Initial waviness in woven composites makes the compressive strengths even much lower. Therefore, in this paper, experimental study on the compressive strengths of woven composites will be presented. The experiments used standard ASTM D3410M-03. Woven glass-epoxy will be tested extensively. The specimens were produced using standard hand layup techniques. Several layup configurations were tested, namely (0/90)s, (0/90/±45)s and (±45)s. The results showed that woven glass-epoxy generated failure modes specifically found in compressive tests of composites, such as: fiber micro-buckling, fiber crushing and shear band-formation. It was also found that unlike in the case of tensile tests, the layup configurations did not affect the compressive strength values. It seems that the fiber orientation will not affect significantly the compressive strengths. The epoxy matrix played more dominant role on the compressive behavior of woven glass-epoxy composites.

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Effect of an Angle-Ply Orientation on Compression Strength of Composite Laminates

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

A statistical approach for failure analysis involving uncertainty in determining ply orientation

A statistical approach for failure analysis involving uncertainty in determining ply orientation

Effects of shallow angle on static strength and fatigue life of multi-directional laminates for wind turbine blades

Experimental Study on the Compressive Strengths of Woven Glass-Epoxy Composites

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