Effect of an Auxiliary Plate on Passive Heat Dissipation of Carbon Nanotube-Based Materials

Yu, Wei; Duan, Zhihui; Zhang, Guang; Liu, Changhong; Fan, Shanhui

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04933

Cited by 41 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…18,42 The surface emissivity values of hard CNT sponges and Al cooling fins are, respectively, determined as 0.88 and 0.03, using a similar method in the previous works. 21,38 According to equations S1−S5, hard CNT sponges have a much higher radiative cooling power (∼0.33 W) than that of Al cooling fins (∼0.008 W) when the system reaches thermal equilibrium. Detailed calculations can be found in Supporting Information.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The equilibrium chip temperatures with bare Cu, Al cooling fins, and hard CNT sponge are 109.3, 90.1, 88.1 °C, respectively. To quantitatively compare the cooling effect, the cooling efficiency is defined as η = Δ T /Δ T a × 100%, where Δ T is the difference between equilibrium chip temperature with samples and with bare Cu, and Δ T a is the chip temperature rise from the room temperature with only bare Cu. , The cooling efficiency of hard CNT sponge is 25.1%, which is higher than that of Al cooling fins (η = 22.8%), the disordered SWCNT composites (η = 5.4%), the multilayer SACNT films (η = 12.5%), and CaCl 2 /CNT films (η = 13.8%), as summarized in Figure b. The temperature difference between the chip with hard CNT sponges and with bare Cu (Δ T Cu – sponge ), between the chip with hard CNT sponges and with Al cooling fins (Δ T fins – sponge ) are depicted in Figure c.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that radiative heat dissipation could not be ignored when the surface emissivity (ε) is large enough. For example, the radiative cooling power ( P r ) with ε > 0.90 would reach 30% of total cooling power ( P t ). , The surface emissivity values of hard CNT sponges and Al cooling fins are, respectively, determined as 0.88 and 0.03, using a similar method in the previous works. , According to equations S1–S5, hard CNT sponges have a much higher radiative cooling power (∼0.33 W) than that of Al cooling fins (∼0.008 W) when the system reaches thermal equilibrium. Detailed calculations can be found in Supporting Information.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weight of water absorption was determined by an analytical balance (Ohaus, AR1140). As illustrated in Figure S2, the cooling performance measurement setup included a Cu chip (20 × 20 × 1.5 mm 3 ), thermal insulator (80 × 80 × 25 mm 3 ), and a commercial heater (20 × 20 × 1.5 mm 3 ) whose power was set at 1.6 W. The temperatures were recorded by the k-type thermocouple which was connected to a data collector (Fluke NetDAQ) with a precision of 0.1 K. Surface emissivity of samples was obtained with the help of the thermocouples and an IR thermometer (OPTRIS LS). , The surface temperatures were measured with an infrared camera (OPTRIS PI). Thermal diffusivity of samples was determined by a MicroFlash apparatus (Netzsch, FLA 457).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hard Carbon Nanotube Sponges for Highly Efficient Cooling via Moisture Absorption–Desorption Process

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2020

ACS Nano

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Heat dissipation is a serious limitation for increasingly miniaturized and functionalized electronics, resulting in the continuous need for developing highly efficient cooling methods. Here, utilizing the strong van der Waals force between super-aligned carbon nanotubes (SACNTs), a self-supported three-dimensional (3D) CNT/ CaCl 2 radiator with a more outstanding cooling performance than Al cooling fins was designed. Unlike the soft CNT sponges, these 3D structures could sustain a high pressure of 4.5 MPa with a small compression of 10% and thus are defined as hard CNT sponges. Hard CNT sponges show a 44.3% higher cooling efficiency than commercial Al cooling fins at a humidity of 50% due to the massive latent heat of water combining with the high thermal conductivity of CNTs and the high emissivity of the composites. The self-adjusting moisture absorption−desorption process could dissipate heat by water evaporation when electronics work at high power and spontaneously absorb moisture to regenerate the sponges at the standby mode of electronics. Besides, hard CNT sponges possess a much lower density (0.98−1.70 g cm −3 ) than aluminum (2.7 g cm −3 ). This high-performance cooler provides an alternative thermal management method for electronics.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hard Carbon Nanotube Sponges for Highly Efficient Cooling via Moisture Absorption–Desorption Process

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2020

ACS Nano

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“…During the whole process, the chip temperature of aerohydrogel was lower than that of the hydrogel and the Cu film, indicating a better heat dissipation ability of the aerohydrogel. To quantitatively probe the cooling effect, the cooling efficiency is adopted , where Δ T is the balanced temperature difference between bare Cu film and the tested samples and Δ T a is the difference between the initial and equilibrium temperature with the bare Cu film. The cooling efficiency of the aerohydrogel is 46.2%, which is 20.6% higher than that of the hydrogel (Figure c, inset).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid–Liquid–Vapor Triphase Gel

Wang

Sheng

et al. 2021

Langmuir

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Gels are soft functional materials with solid networks and open pores filled with solvents (for wet gels) or air (for aerogels), displaying broad applications in tissue engineering, catalysis, environmental remediation, energy storage, etc. However, currently known gels feature only a single (either solid–liquid or solid–vapor) interface, largely limiting their application territories. Therefore, it is both fundamentally intriguing and practically significant to develop conceptually new gel materials that possess solid–liquid–vapor multiple interfaces. Herein, we demonstrate a unique solid–liquid–vapor triphase gel, named as aerohydrogel, by gelling of a poly(vinyl alcohol) aqueous solution with glutaraldehyde in the presence of superhydrophobic silica aerogel microparticles. Owing to its continuous solid, liquid, and vapor phases, the resultant aerohydrogel simultaneously displays solid–liquid, solid–vapor, and liquid–vapor interfaces, leading to excellent properties including tunable density (down to 0.43 g·cm–3), considerable hydrophobicity, and excellent elasticity (compressive ratio of up to 80%). As a proof-of-concept application, the aerohydrogel exhibits a higher evaporative cooling efficiency than its hydrogel counterpart and a better cooling capability than the commercial phase change cooling film, respectively, showing promising performance in cooling various devices. Moreover, the resulting aerohydrogel could be facilely tailored with specific (e.g., magnetic) properties for emerging applications such as solar steam generation. This work extends biphase gel (hydrogel or aerogel) to solid–liquid–vapor triphase gel, as well as provides a promising strategy for designing more aerohydrogels serving as soft functional materials for applications in various emerging fields.

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High Water‐Absorbent and Phase‐Change Heat Dissipation Materials Based on Super‐Aligned Cross‐Stack CNT Films

Liu

Fan

2019

Adv Eng Mater

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with the advantage of high thermal conductivity and light weight can be widely used in thermal management. Meanwhile, heat removal for hot spots has become a major issue in the development of electronics because of the increasing of power density and thermal load. Therefore, more effective heat dissipation approaches are needed. Here, the high water‐absorbent and phase‐change heat dissipation materials based on super‐aligned cross‐stack CNT (CSCNT) films with excellent cooling performance are reported. Pure CSCNT and CaCl2/CSCNT composite show the outstanding water absorption property because of their high specific surface area and porosity. Combined the high natural convection and heat radiation of CSCNTs with heat removal by water evaporation, the heat dissipation coefficient of CaCl2/CSCNT can reach as high as 98 W m−2 K−1 with the help of auxiliary plate. Due to the high absorption rate, the composite can absorb water when electronics are at low power and dissipate heat by water evaporation at high power. Moreover, it is founded that there is a dynamic balance of water absorption and desorption to enhance cooling performance at thermal equilibrium.

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Effect of an Auxiliary Plate on Passive Heat Dissipation of Carbon Nanotube-Based Materials

Cited by 41 publications

References 41 publications

Hard Carbon Nanotube Sponges for Highly Efficient Cooling via Moisture Absorption–Desorption Process

Hard Carbon Nanotube Sponges for Highly Efficient Cooling via Moisture Absorption–Desorption Process

Solid–Liquid–Vapor Triphase Gel

High Water‐Absorbent and Phase‐Change Heat Dissipation Materials Based on Super‐Aligned Cross‐Stack CNT Films

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