Effect of an Extract from the Egyptian Sea Cucumber, Bohadschia marmorata, on Methotrexate-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Male Mice

Abstract

Background: The sea cucumber, Bohadschia marmorata , is a marine echinoderm consumed and used as a medication. Extract of this species displays a broad spectrum of bioactivity, such as antifungal, antibacterial, immunomodulatory, and cytotoxic properties. This investigation explored sea cucumber extract for hepatorenal protection against the toxicity of methotrexate (MTX). Methods: Four groups of mice were divided into G1: control, G2: MTX treated, G3: B. marmorata extract-treated daily for 14 days, and G4: B. marmorata extract and MTX treated. Results and Conclusions: Biochemical analysis and histopathological examination of liver tissue showed that administration of MTX increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lowered levels of serum albumin, total protein, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH). Administration of B. marmorata extract to MTX- injected mice significantly reversed the increase in serum levels of liver enzymes and induced a significant elevation in serum albumin and total protein levels. SOD, CAT, and GSH levels returned to nearly normal levels. Histopathological examination indicated fewer signs of toxicity in liver and kidney tissues of mice treated with both extract and MTX compared to MTX treatment alone. An extract of B. marmorata will protect mice from hepatorenal toxicity induced by MTX.

Methotrexate-Induced Alteration of Renal Aquaporins 1 and 2, Oxidative Stress and Tubular Apoptosis Can Be Attenuated by Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation

“…Methotrexate (MTX) is a potent anticancer and immunomodulatory agent. However, MTX causes toxicity in different organs, and because MTX is mainly excreted by the kidneys, nephrotoxicity is a common adverse effect of MTX [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Excretion of toxins by the kidney is mainly carried out by the proximal convoluted tubules; on the other hand, the proximal tubules are the target for many drugs, such as MTX [ 31 ].…”

Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factors of Sea Cucumber on Mare and Moti Islands Conservation Areas in North Maluku

“…Ecologically H. atra play an important role in recycling nutrients (Viyakarn et al, 2020). Another important value of H. atra is its content of bioactive compounds as antibacterial (Sulardiono et al, 2019), while B. marmorata has antifungal, antibacterial and anticancer compounds (Kandeil et al, 2022). H. atra and B. marmorata are a group of low-value sea cucumbers while B. vitiensis is included in the medium value sea cucumber category (Setyastuti et al, 2019).…”