“…The peaks corresponding to 472, 946, 1072, 1272, 1378, 1474 and 1530 nm wavelength shows the transition from the ground state, i.e. 6 H 5/2 to various excited states 4 I 11/2 , 6 F 11/2 , 6 F 9/2 , 6 F 7/2 , 6 F 5/2 , 6 H 13/2 and 6 H 11/2 , related to Sm 3+ ions[34], however, the transitions corresponding to 6 F 3/2 , 6 F 5/2 and 6 F 7/2 excited states from the ground state 6 H 15/2 are represented by the remaining peaks at 736, 792 and 888 nm, were related to Dy 3+ ions[35,36].The optical absorption near the band edge is represented by the Kubelka-Munk (K-M) function, which can be utilized to address the band gap energy (E g )[37]:…”