Effect of Annealing on Metal-Oxide Nanocluster

Abstract

Recently, the development of optoelectronic devices based on metal-oxide nanocluster has attracted intensive research interest. Nanoclusters are suitable for these because of their large surface-to-volume ratio and the presence of abundant oxygen vacancies or trap states. Metal-oxides such as ZnO, In 2 O 3 , and TiO 2 synthesized using different technique produces high surface area films consisting of clusters and provides complete control over the film morphology. In this chapter, some of the metal oxides nanocluster film has investigated, and the effect of annealing on the structural, optical and electrical properties of the grown films when subjected to different annealing temperatures will be studied. Theoretically, these properties are presumed to improve after the heat treatment as the crystallinity, and the grain size of the film has increased due to the diminishing of oxygen vacancies. Thus, the greater surface-to-volume ratio, the better stoichiometry and higher level of crystallinity compared to bulk materials make nanocluster-based devices very promising for the mentioned application.

Cu/CuO Composite Track-Etched Membranes for Catalytic Decomposition of Nitrophenols and Removal of As(III)

“…This indicates that at longer annealing times, nanosized crystals melt and recrystallize to some extent [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. After this melting/recrystallization process, the size, perfection, or both of the crystallites are decreased due to the fact that the recrystallization process occurs in a completely different environment than the initial synthesis condition, which leads to a decline in overall crystallinity [ 54 ]. The position and intensity of the peaks in XRD diffractograms, their corresponding interplane distances, FWHM values, as well as unit cell parameters and average crystallite sizes calculated for the original and annealed composites are summarized in Table 1 .…”

Perspectives of Organic Dyes Cosensitization and Its Utilization in TiO2 Nanoclusters for Photocatalysis Applications

“…in the rutile phase is 3 eV and in the anatase phase is 3.2 eV [54], while the TiO 2 bandgap for rutile and anatase is greater than 3 eV. Therefore, they only absorb ultraviolet light, which accounts for about 3% of the solar energy that reaches Earth [55].…”