“…Topographic images obtained by the AFM technique can provide several stereometric parameters that, recently, have been used to study many fabricated physical systems, mainly thin films, for example, (Dallaeva et al, 2012; Ito et al, 2020; Rezaee et al, 2020) or biological, such as biofilms (Matos et al, 2020), leaves (Ramos, Matos, & da Fonseca Filho, 2020), insect structures (Zaneta, Sebastian, Ştefan, Dinara, & Zygmunt, 2017), and teeth (Nezafat et al, 2019). Based on the information generated by these parameters, various aspects of the physical properties of the surface such as flatness, roughness, shape of rough peaks, texture symmetry, density, and texture direction can be better understood.…”