Effect of anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats

Abstract

Abstract. Menopause is associated with increased oxidative stress, which serves a role, in part, in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal bone loss. Fruits and vegetables are rich in antioxidative nutrients and phytochemicals. Berries are a natural source of anthocyanins, and their intake may improve bone health. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of an anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract (VME) on bone metabolism in an ovariectomized (Ovx) rat. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (12 weeks old) were randomly divided into the following four groups: Baseline, Sham, Ovx and Ovx+VME (n=8-12 rats per group). Rats in the Baseline group were sacrificed immediately, while those in the other groups were subjected to either sham operation (Sham) or bilateral Ovx (Ovx and Ovx+VME). Rats in the Ovx+VME group were administered VME daily at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. At 8 weeks after surgery, bone mass and bone histomorphometry were evaluated. The femur bone mineral density (BMD) in the Ovx group was significantly lower than that in the Sham group (P<0.01). Supplementation of VME in the Ovx rats did not result in an increase in BMD. Histomorphometric analyses revealed that Ovx resulted in decreased measures of bone volume and trabecular number and increased measures of osteoid volume, mineralizing surface and bone formation rates (all P<0.01), whereas VME had no significant effects on these parameters. The present findings indicate that VME did not alter bone metabolism in Ovx rats, suggesting that consumption of VME may not be helpful in preventing postmenopausal bone loss.

Cornelian Cherry Pulp Has Beneficial Impact on Dyslipidemia and Reduced Bone Quality in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

“…Van der Heijden et al [ 36 ] did not find significant changes in the total body weight, weight of liver and adipose tissue in obese mice receiving high-energy diet with 36% extract of anthocyanins. Neither Shimizu et al [ 37 ] revealed a significant impact of anthocyanins-rich bilberry extract (500 mg/kg bw/day for eight weeks) on the total body weight and weight of uterus in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. According to Damiano et al [ 38 ], the body weight was significantly increased in ZDF rats compared with controls, whereas red orange and lemon extract rich in anthocyanins in ZDF rats significantly restored these values.…”

Black Rice (Oryza sativaL.) Fermented withLactobacillus caseiAttenuates Osteoclastogenesis and Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis

“…LABE exhibited strong antioxidant potency, as shown by its high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power (Figure 2), which can contribute to the inhibition of ROS production. The inhibitory effects of various flavonoid compounds, including quercetin [54], rutin [55], and luteolin [56], on osteoclast differentiation have been described, as have the antiosteoporosis effects of anthocyanin and anthocyanin compounds from bilberry and black currant, which inhibited osteoclast formation from osteoclast precursor RAW 264.7 cells [57].…”

Blackcurrant Supplementation Improves Trabecular Bone Mass in Young but Not Aged Mice

“…As age increases, sex hormone production decreases, resulting in diminished oxidative defense systems [ 34 ]. This weakening of cells’ oxygen-scavenging capabilities increases oxidative stress produced from reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn stimulates osteoclast differentiation [ 35 ], induces osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis [ 36 ], and inhibits osteoblastogenesis [ 10 ], all resulting in suppressed bone formation. Bone formation rate also decreases due to the oxidation of lipids generating ligands that activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, attenuating Wnt signaling [ 10 ].…”