Effect of anthocyanin-rich blackberry juice on endoplasmic reticulum stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

This study investigates blackberry juice’s effects on glucose metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Fifty Wistar rats were distributed to five groups randomly of ten rats each: Normal control, diabetic control, 9 mL/kg body weight (b.wt) blackberry juice only, blackberry juice plus diabetes, and 500 mg/kg b.wt metformin plus diabetes. A single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg b.wt STZ induced diabetes in the rats. This animal study continued for 56 days after the confirmation of diabetes. The levels of liver function and renal function, as well as insulin, glucose-6-phosphatase, glucokinase, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), were determined. Additionally, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and activated transcription factor 4 (ATF4) expressions were examined in the liver homogenate of rats. Furthermore, the liver tissues were utilized for histopathological examination. The results showed that blackberry juice prevented drastic loss of body weight and reduced food consumption in diabetic rats. Additionally, the levels of blood glucose, total protein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, creatinine, and urea improved after the administration of blackberry juice in diabetic rats. Blackberry juice significantly increased glucose metabolism and antioxidant status while reducing ER stress and inflammation in diabetic rats. Moreover, blackberry juice improved glucose metabolism by increasing insulin levels and improving the dysregulated activities of glucose-metabolizing enzymes. The microstructure of liver tissues in diabetic rats was also improved with blackberry juice treatment. Therefore, blackberry juice has the potential to alleviate diabetes in rats and could be considered as a functional food for people with diabetes.

Ежевичный Сок: 8 Научно Доказанных Полезных Свойств

“…Ученые пришли к выводу, что ежевичный сок может применяться как полезная функциональная добавка к рациону людей, страдающих диабетом. [17]…”

Pre-Administration of Blackberry Extracts in Induced Ischemia Reperfusion Events in Rodents

“…Blackberries are known to contain flavonols, phenolic acids, ellagic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin E, producing high levels of anthocyanins. Anthocyanins have been reported to possess significant scavenging properties against various reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, offering protective effects against excessive stress in brain neurons [1] and pancreatic islets [2]. However, the effectiveness of specific components within blackberry fruits and leaves varies depending on the harvesting period [3] and the extraction method used [4,5].…”