Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) function to regulate the balance of self-renewal and
differentiation of male gametes. SSCs have been successfully isolated and cultured
in vitro in several species, but not in feline. Therefore, in this
study, we aimed to culture and characterize feline SSCs. In experiment 1, testes (n=5)
from different pubertal domestic cats were cryosectioned and fluorescently immunolabeled
to examine the expression of SSC (GFRα-1), differentiated spermatogonium (c-kit) and germ
cell (DDX-4) markers. In experiments 2 and 3, testicular cells were digested and
subsequently cultured in vitro. The resultant presumptive SSC colonies
were then collected for SSC identification (experiment 2), or further cultured in
vitro on feeder cells (experiment 3). Morphology, gene expression and
immunofluorescence were used to identify the SSCs. Experiment 1 demonstrated that varying
types of spermatogenic cells existed and expressed different germ cell/SSC markers. A rare
population of putative SSCs located at the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules
was specifically identified by co-expression of GFRα-1 and DDX-4. Following enzymatic
digestion, grape-like colonies formed by 13-15 days of culture. These colonies expressed
GFRA1 and ZBTB16, but did not express
KIT. Although we successfully isolated and cultured feline SSCs
in vitro, the SSCs could only be maintained for 57 days. In conclusion,
this study demonstrates, for the first time, that putative SSCs from testes of pubertal
domestic cats can be isolated and cultured in vitro. These cells
exhibited SSC morphology and expressed SSC-specific genes. However, long-term culture of
these putative SSCs was compromised.