Effect of Antioxidants on Oxidative Modification of LDL

Esterbauer, Hermann; Puhl, Herbert; Dieber-Rotheneder, Martina; Waeg, Georg; Rabl, Hans

doi:10.3109/07853899109150520

Cited by 250 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Various reactive oxygen species react with all cellular components; the hydroxyl radical-mediated peroxidation of polyunsaturated acyl chains of glycerophospholipids is particularly harmful because it results in the formation of lipid peroxidation production considered second messengers and the ultimate mediator of toxic effects elicited by oxidative stress. Of the lipid peroxidation products, 4-HNE is the most abundant and reactive aldehydic product derived from the peroxidation of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (22)(23)(24). The results from our study are consistent with previous clinical observations and experimental investigations showing that obesity is associated with decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations and increased production of lipid peroxidation products in adipose tissue, including 4-HNE (13,14).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of 4-hydroxynonenal with classical adipokines and insulin resistance in a Chinese non-diabetic obese population

Guo¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Nutr Hosp

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Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Oxidative stress plays an etiological role in a variety of obesity-related metabolic disorders. 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is the most abundant and reactive aldehydic product derived from the peroxidation of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with diverse biological effects that are not well detailed. Obesity is associated with decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations and increased production of lipid peroxidation products, including 4-HNE, in adipose tissue. There may be some association between the level of adipokines and 4-HNE. Material and methods:To analyze the associations between 4-HNE and classical adipokines, namely, adiponectin and leptin in a Chinese population, the plasma 4-HNE, adiponectin and leptin levels of 160 non-diabetic obese (NDO) patients and 160 healthy subjects were determined by ELISA, and their associations with adiposity, glucose, lipid profi les, insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity were studied. Results: Plasma 4-HNE levels were signifi cantly increased in patients with NDO compared with healthy controls (p < 0.01). 4-HNE was negatively correlated with adiponectin and positively correlated with leptin. The plasma levels of 4-HNE were signifi cantly correlated to several parameters involved in body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR). The 4-HNE levels were positively correlated with BMI and negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity. Conclusion: We conclude that 4-HNE is associated with the secretion of adiponectin and leptin and is correlated with IR in NDO humans. These fi ndings indicate a pro-infl ammatory role of 4-HNE in NDO patients, which supports the potential role of 4-HNE in the development of obesity-related disorders.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of 4-hydroxynonenal with classical adipokines and insulin resistance in a Chinese non-diabetic obese population

Guo¹,

Zhang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2017

Nutr Hosp

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“…Before oxidation, LDL was desalted and made EDTA free by a gel-®ltration using Econo-Pac columns, with 10 mmol phosphate buffer saline (PBS) pH 7.4 containing 0.15 M sodium chloride as the eluting buffer (Esterbauer et al, 1991b;Puhl et al, 1994). The LDL concentration in PBS was determined by measuring of total cholesterol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced plasma level of lipid peroxidation in Iranians could be improved by antioxidants supplementation

Meraji¹,

Ziouzenkova²,

Resch³

et al. 1997

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To study the in¯uence of supplementation with antioxidants on factors, which might increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Iranians. Design: Twenty-one male volunteers enter the prospective, single-blind, randomized study. Setting: The supplementation was conducted at the Cardiovascular Center, University of Tehran, the biochemical analysis were carried out in the University of Graz. Subjects: Twenty-one male medical students were recruited by advertisement. Five subjects were dropped out due to lack of the compliance. Methods: One group of Iranians received 30 mg/d b-carotene and placebo for a-tocopherol; the other received b-carotene plus 400 IU a-tocopherol for ten weeks. Concentrations of antioxidants in plasma and low density lipoproteins (LDL), plasma lipid pro®le, autoantibody against oxidized LDL (oLAb) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in plasma were measured. Oxidative resistance of LDL was estimated using conjugated diene assay. Results: Iranians had a signi®cantly lower plasma levels of total cholesterol (P`0.002), LDL-cholesterol (P`0.01) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P`0.002), compared to healthy Austrian subjects (n 13). Although the baseline concentrations of a-tocopherol and b-carotene were comparable with Austrians, lycopene, canthaxanthin and lutein were signi®cantly higher in Iranians (P`0.03±0.001). In vitro oxidative resistance of LDL, measured as lag-time, was slightly higher (P`0.01) in Iranians comparing with Austrians. Plasma MDA and oLAb concentrations were signi®cantly higher in Iranians (P`0.001). Both dietary supplementations reduced plasma MDA concentrations (P`0.001±0.001). A key ®nding was that a supplement combined with atocopherol caused also a signi®cant increase of oLAb concentration (P b 0.01) as well as the signi®cant increase of lag-time (P b 0.005). Conclusions: This study shows that high plasma MDA level of Iranians can be decreased by b-carotene supplementation with or without a-tocopherol. However, a-tocopherol is a more powerful antioxidant, which can increase the resistance of LDL to oxidation, reduce the MDA concentrations in plasma and increase autoantibodies to oLDL.

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“…It is of particular relevance that the endothelial cells become activated to secrete pro-oxidative compounds at sites with turbulent flow, i.e., at the atherogenesis-prone sites of the arterial tree (Nigro et al 2011). Moreover, the subendothelially located LDL particles are not protected by the powerful antioxidant systems present in the circulating blood plasma, and they also gradually become depleted of their own antioxidant molecules capable of protecting them from free radical attack and oxidation (Esterbauer et al 1991). In addition to the oxidative processes, various hydrolytic (both proteolytic and lipolytic) enzymes may also modify the LDL particles in the intima (Tabas 1999).…”

Section: Interference With Macrophage Differentiation and Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

HDL and Atherothrombotic Vascular Disease

Annema

Eckardstein

Kovanen

2014

High Density Lipoproteins

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High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) exert many beneficial effects which may help to protect against the development or progression of atherosclerosis or even facilitate lesion regression. These activities include promoting cellular cholesterol efflux, protecting low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) from modification, preserving endothelial function, as well as anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects. However, questions remain about the relative importance of these activities for atheroprotection. Furthermore, the many molecules (both lipids and proteins) associated with HDLs exert both distinct and overlapping activities, which may be compromised by inflammatory conditions, resulting in either loss of function or even gain of dysfunction. This complexity of HDL functionality has so far precluded elucidation of distinct structure-function relationships for HDL or its components. A better understanding of HDL metabolism and structure-function relationships is therefore crucial to exploit HDLs and its associated components and cellular pathways as potential targets for anti-atherosclerotic therapies and diagnostic markers.

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Effect of Antioxidants on Oxidative Modification of LDL

Cited by 250 publications

References 41 publications

Association of 4-hydroxynonenal with classical adipokines and insulin resistance in a Chinese non-diabetic obese population

Association of 4-hydroxynonenal with classical adipokines and insulin resistance in a Chinese non-diabetic obese population

Enhanced plasma level of lipid peroxidation in Iranians could be improved by antioxidants supplementation

HDL and Atherothrombotic Vascular Disease

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