Effect of aqueous extract of Annona muricata seed on atherogenicity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Poorly controlled diabetes has been implicated in lipoprotein abnormalities and hypertriglyceridemia in both human and experimental animals, which increase the risk of artherogenicity. The effect of annona muricata seed extract was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for 30 days in order to evaluate its anti-atherogenic property by investigating lipid profile malondialdehyde and histology of the aorta. The animals were divided into four groups (I-IV). Groups II-IV received a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg) dissolved in a citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Group I (control) received citrate buffer only. Groups III and IV received 500 and 750 mg/kg of extract orally, whereas group I and II received rat chow. Result showed that treatment with high dose of extract (750 mg/kg) significantly increased anti-atherogenic percentage (70.7 %), whereas total cholesterol, low density lipoproteincholesterol, triglycerides and malondialdehydewere significantly reduced after treatment with 500 and 750 mg/kg respectively. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was significantly elevated. Histological assessment of the aorta showed widely dilated, moderately thickened wallin extract treated groups. Data showed that biochemical parameters were greatly improved without significant effect on endothelial thickness.

Comparative Study of the Effects of Annona muricata and Tapinanthus globiferus Extracts on Biochemical Indices of Diabetic Rats

“…Rats treated with AME and TGE however, showed promising reduction in AI, this corroborates the studies of Agbai et al in which AME increased the anti-atherogenic index of diabetic rats evidenced by reduction in the aortic wall thickening. 19 Morbidity and mortality resulting from diabetic nephropathy is common among diabetic patients. Its symptoms include increased catabolism of proteins, altered glomerular filtration and hike in the concentrations of creatinine, urea and electrolyte concentrations.…”

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“…STZ produced various cardinal symptoms of diabetes mellitus including hypoinsulinemia, a condition that is probably responsible for the elevation of serum cholesterol levels because the insulin has an inhibitory action on HMG-CoA reductase, a key enzyme that acts as rate limiting in the metabolism of cholesterol rich LDL particles 18 . In insulin-deficient diabetes, the concentration of serum fatty acids is elevated as a result of free fatty acid outflow from fat depots, where the balance of the free fatty acid esterification-TG lipolysis cycle is displaced in favor of lipolysis 19 . High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is an antiatherogenic lipoprotein.…”

“…It transports cholesterol from peripheral tissues into the liver and thereby acts as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The level of HDLC, which increased after MECC administration, might be due to the increase in the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT), which may contribute to the regulation of blood lipids 19 . Oral administration of MECC reduced the elevated serum lipids such as TC, LDLC and TGs toward normal in diabetic rats.…”

Phytochemical Management of Diabetic Complications, Experimental Evidences

“…The fruits of A. muricata are widely used to prepare syrups, candies, beverages, ice creams, and shakes [58]. Treatment of STZ-induced diabetic rats with A. muricata seed extract revealed antiatherogenic effect as the histological assessment of the aorta showed widely dilated, moderately thickened wall in extract-treated groups [59].…”