Effect of Aqueous Extract of Rhazyastricta Decne on Citrinin Production and Fungal Biomass by Pencillium notatum and Optimization of Experimental Design Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Citrinin (Mycotoxin) is hepato and nephrotoxic agent produced by several species of microorganisms like Aspergillus, Penicilliumand Monascus. Citrinin is generally found in stored grains and is mainly found after their harvest. The aim of the present research was to study and optimize the conditions for maximum inhibition of citrinin and fungal biomass by using aqueous leaf extract of Rhazyastricta Decne under laboratory conditions by Pencillium notatum. Optimization of culture conditions was carried out using Box-Behnken method of response surface methodology. Extent of inhibition of citrinin was carried out using HPLC and reduction in fungal biomass was carried out using dry cell weight after comparing with controls. Optimized culture conditions for inhibition as per the point prediction tool were found to be 13.16 (mg/L) for concentration of extract of Rhazyastricta Decne, 10 days of incubation period and temperature of 25 °C for growth of Pencillium notatum. These optimized values of tested parameters were compared with control citrinin production (286 mg/L) and dry cell weight production (408.65 mg). An average of 80.67±0.75% inhibition of citrinin and 81.65±2.56% of dry cell weight was obtained in an optimized medium at 10 th d of fermentation with 98.41 % and 94.37% validity, respectively.

Food Toxicity of Mycotoxin Citrinin and Molecular Mechanisms of Its Potential Toxicity Effects through the Implicated Targets Predicted by Computer-Aided Multidimensional Data Analysis

“…Citrinin pollutants have been found in human biological fluids as well as agricultural commodities and feedstuffs such as cheese, sake, and soy sauce [1,2]. Citrinin has been identified in various foods such as meals colored with Monascus pigments, fermented sausages, wheat, corn, and rice [3][4][5][6].…”