Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks

Recent advances in poultry practice have produced new tools enabling the poultry industry to increase productivity. Aiming at increasing production quality, varying protocols of in ovo injection facilitate the introduction of exogenous substances into the egg to complement the nutrients that support embryonic development up to hatching, which are already available in the internal and external compartments. Due to embryonic sensitivity, adding any substance into the egg can be either advantageous or disadvantageous for embryonic survival and can influence hatch rates. Thus, understanding the relationship between poultry practices and production rates is the first step towards successful commercial application. This review aims to assess the influence on hatch rates of injecting different substances in ovo, including effects on embryo and chick health parameters where these are reported. Bibliographic mappings of co-authorship of citations, co-occurrence of keywords, and bibliographic coupling based on the in ovo injection technique and hatchability parameters were also performed. Using the Scopus database, 242 papers were retrieved, reviewed, and submitted for bibliographic mapping using the VOSviewer® software. This review provides a broad overview of just over 38 years’ research on the subject, revealing that studies have significantly increased and peaked in 2020, being produced primarily by US researchers and published primarily in the journal Poultry Science. It also reveals that despite negative reports relating to some substances in the embryo, in ovo delivery of substances may possibly change the poultry industry for the better in terms of production rates (hatchability) and/or poultry health.

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“…[90] Nano zinc oxide Increased early and late mortality. [92] Garlic and tomato extract Increased weight and length and improved quality.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Bibliographical Mapping of Research into the Relationship between In Ovo Injection Practice and Hatchability in Poultry

Oliveira

Pimentel

Salgado

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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“…They are produced by both environmental stressors and regular biological processes. These free radicals are efficiently neutralized by vitamin E, preventing oxidative damage to the vulnerable embryonic tissues [21].…”

Section: Fig 2 Effect Of Vitamin E As An Antioxidantmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin E as an Antioxidant and Preventing Damage Caused by Free Radicals

Abdelqader,

Obeidat,

Al-Rawashdeh

et al. 2023

JLSAR

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Vitamin E is one of the four fat-soluble vitamins that is made naturally in plants. It is one of the necessary vitamins for humans and animals, and the body needs it because it cannot manufacture it. It works to preserve polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUSFA) outside and inside cells in the body and prevents free radical formation reactions resulting from respiratory and respiratory processes and through exposure to toxic external factors such as pollutants. Its deficiency leads to many, Vitamin E comes from plant elements that are in the form of tocopherols, which are compounds that possess the activity of vitamin E. They are in the form of yellow fats that do not dissolve in water, but they do dissolve in organic solvents. The name (Tocopherol) is derived from a Greek word, where “Tocos” means childbirth and Phero from Bear. These words mean the producer of offspring or offspring and are linked to his main role in reproduction in various types of animals. The OL from alcohol is evidence that it is an alcoholic substance.

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“…TLR7 expression is greater in women than in men because TLR7 is located on X chromosome 9,10 . The TLR7 gene escapes X-chromosome inactivation, resulting in considerably higher amounts of TLR7 protein than in male cells 11 . Genetic or environmental factors contributing to TLR7 overexpression enhance an individual's sensitivity to SLE (such as gender, nutrition, and cytokine media, especially the amount of type I interferons) 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Toll-like Receptors and Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ahmed Ratib,

Mohammed Saud

2023

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a loss of self-antigen tolerance and the development of high titers of serum autoantibodies, with a wide range of clinical manifestations and complex etiologies. Its etiology is influenced by various genetic, hormonal, immunologic, and environmental factors. SLE affects around 90% of women of reproductive age. The study aims to evaluate the serum levels of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) in a sample of Iraqi SLE patients and its potential relationship with other clinical and laboratory parameters. The study included 100 female patients and 50 healthy females with an age range of (16-65) years old and healthy individuals with an age range of (16-65) years old and mean ages of (35.72 ±11.66 and 35.72 ±11.66) respectively. The current study is performed to estimate the serum levels of (TLR7, ANA, Urea, creatinine, and Vitamin D3) and a laboratory investigation for ESR, hemoglobin, and white blood cells by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and automated Fujifilm. Serum levels of TLR7 were increased in the SLE patients compared to the control, and a significant difference has been observed (P≤0.01) among SLE patients compared to the control. Urea, creatinine, and ESR were significantly higher; at the same time, the Vitamin D3, hemoglobin, and white blood cells were significantly lower (p< 0.01) among SLE patients as compared to control. On the other hand, there was no evidence of any correlation between TLR7 serum level and disease laboratory investigation. Keywords: Antinuclear autoantibody, Haemoglobin, Interferon, SLE, Toll-Like Receptor-7, WBC.

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Effect of aromatase inhibitors on sex differentiation and embryonic development in chicks

Cited by 9 publications

References 92 publications

Bibliographical Mapping of Research into the Relationship between In Ovo Injection Practice and Hatchability in Poultry

Bibliographical Mapping of Research into the Relationship between In Ovo Injection Practice and Hatchability in Poultry

The Role of Vitamin E as an Antioxidant and Preventing Damage Caused by Free Radicals

Relationship between Toll-like Receptors and Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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