Effect of artificial night lighting on temporally partitioned spiny mice

Rotics, Shay; Dayan, Tamar; Kronfeld‐Schor, Noga

doi:10.1644/10-mamm-a-112.1

Cited by 82 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Mammals provide an interesting study group, being globally distributed, occupying a broad range of environments, and exhibiting a wide diversity of time-partitioning behavior. Much concern has also been expressed as to the potential impacts of nighttime light pollution on the group, and there are many studies documenting significant influences (31,32). Due to the global nature of this study, and the paucity of detailed information on time partitioning reported for many species, our focus is on a high-level categorization, allocating species to one of four temporal niches: nocturnal, diurnal, cathemeral, and crepuscular ( Fig.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography of time partitioning in mammals

Bennie

Duffy

Inger

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

253

209

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Many animals regulate their activity over a 24-h sleep-wake cycle, concentrating their peak periods of activity to coincide with the hours of daylight, darkness, or twilight, or using different periods of light and darkness in more complex ways. These behavioral differences, which are in themselves functional traits, are associated with suites of physiological and morphological adaptations with implications for the ecological roles of species. The biogeography of diel time partitioning is, however, poorly understood. Here, we document basic biogeographic patterns of time partitioning by mammals and ecologically relevant large-scale patterns of natural variation in "illuminated activity time" constrained by temperature, and we determine how well the first of these are predicted by the second. Although the majority of mammals are nocturnal, the distributions of diurnal and crepuscular species richness are strongly associated with the availability of biologically useful daylight and twilight, respectively. Cathemerality is associated with relatively long hours of daylight and twilight in the northern Holarctic region, whereas the proportion of nocturnal species is highest in arid regions and lowest at extreme high altitudes. Although thermal constraints on activity have been identified as key to the distributions of organisms, constraints due to functional adaptation to the light environment are less well studied. Global patterns in diversity are constrained by the availability of the temporal niche; disruption of these constraints by the spread of artificial lighting and anthropogenic climate change, and the potential effects on time partitioning, are likely to be critical influences on species' future distributions.cathemeral | night N atural cycles of light and darkness structure the environment of the majority of eukaryotic organisms. The rotation of the Earth partitions time into regular cycles of day and night, and although all points on the Earth's surface receive roughly equal durations of light and darkness over the course of a year, at mid to high latitudes seasonal variation in day length imposes an uneven distribution throughout the annual cycle. During the hours when the sun is below the horizon, there is seasonal and latitudinal variation in the duration of "biologically useful semidarkness" in the form of twilight and moonlight (1), modified by both the lunar cycle and variable cloud cover, providing changing opportunities for animals able to use visual cues for key behaviors including foraging, predator avoidance, and reproduction (2-6). Activity during both daylight and semidarkness may be further constrained by covariance between the natural cycles of light and temperature; the metabolic costs of thermoregulation place constraints on the time available for activity (7). Thermal constraints may limit nocturnal activity when nighttime temperatures are low, and diurnal activity when temperatures are high. Furthermore, energetic constraints may force some species to be active throughout hours of both ...

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography of time partitioning in mammals

Bennie

Duffy

Inger

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

253

209

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Arguably, the principal effects, aside from those following from the associated carbon emissions, operate through the impacts on time partitioning by organisms (how they distribute activity through the day) and on their circadian rhythms and patterns of photoperiodism . Artificial nighttime lighting has been documented to change both the timing and the period over which organisms can capture resources, typically increasing the opportunities for diurnal species and reducing those for nocturnal ones (e.g., Garber 1978;Wolff 1982;Martin 1990;Negro et al 2000;Bird et al 2004;Perry and Fisher 2006;Frank 2009;Santos et al 2010;Rotics et al 2011). This alters species interactions (e.g., competition, predator-prey), and may in turn reshape community structure, and presumably associated ecosystem functions and processes, although the latter has yet to be demonstrated (Moore et al 2001(Moore et al , 2006Longcore and Rich 2004;Davies et al 2012).…”

Section: Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benefits and costs of artificial nighttime lighting of the environment

Gaston

Bennie

2015

Environ. Rev.

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Artificial lighting has transformed the outdoor nighttime environment over large areas, modifying natural cycles of light in terms of timing, wavelength, and distribution. This has had widespread benefits and costs to humankind, impacting on health and wellbeing, vehicle accidents, crime, energy consumption and carbon emissions, aesthetics, and wildlife and ecosystems. Here, we review these effects, particularly in the context of ongoing developments in the extent of artificial lighting and in the prevalent technologies being employed. The key issue that emerges is how best to maximize the benefits of artificial nighttime lighting whilst limiting the costs. To do so, three main strategies are required. First, important knowledge gaps need to be filled. Second, there is an urgent need to connect the research being conducted in different disciplines, which to date has been very disjointed. Third, it is imperative that much firmer and well-developed links are made between research, policy, and practice.Key words: accidents, aesthetics, crime, ecosystems, health, light pollution, lighting, night, sky glow, wellbeing.Résumé : L'éclairage artificiel a transformé l'environnement nocturne extérieur sur de grandes superficies, modifiant les cycles naturels de la lumière en terme de temps, de longueurs d'ondes et de distribution. Ceci s'est traduit par des coûts et bénéfices largement étendus pour l'humanité, affectant la santé et le bien-être, les accidents d'automobile, le crime, la consommation d'énergie et les émissions de carbones, l'esthétique ainsi que la faune et les écosystèmes. Les auteurs passent en revue ces effets, particulièrement dans le contexte de développement continu dans l'extension de l'éclairage artificiel et dans les technologies dominantes mises en oeuvre. La problématique clé qui en émerge consiste à savoir comment maximiser le mieux possible les bénéfices de l'éclairage nocturne artificiel tout en limitant les coûts. Pour atteindre cet objectif, trois stratégies principales s'imposent. Il faut d'abord combler des déficiences de connaissances. Deuxièmement, il existe un urgent besoin d'intégrer les travaux de recherche conduits dans diverses disciplines, lesquels ont été conduits de façon disparate jusqu'ici. Et troisièmement, il est impératif que des liens beaucoup plus solides et mieux développés se développent entre la recherche, les politiques et la pratique. [Traduit par la Redaction]

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“…For instance, great tits (Parus major) provision their offspring at higher rates when exposed to experimental white ALAN directly at the nest box (Titulaer et al, 2012), and also show more activity at night in the lab (de Jong et al, 2016b), possibly incurring in energetic costs. In nocturnal species, such as mice and bats, ALAN is usually associated with avoidance behavior and lower activity levels at night (Stone et al, 2009;Rotics et al, 2011;Spoelstra et al, 2015). Timing of singing and sleep are also strongly affected by light pollution (Kempenaers et al, 2010;Da Silva et al, 2014;Raap et al, 2015), and such changes are suggested to have physiological consequences (Dominoni et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Light at Night Reduces Daily Energy Expenditure in Breeding Great Tits (Parus major)

et al. 2017

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The ecological impact of artificial light at night (ALAN) is an increasingly recognized process that accompanies expanding urbanization. Yet, we have limited knowledge on the impact of ALAN on wild species, and on the potential to mitigate any negative effects by using different light sources and colors. In birds, effects of ALAN on activity levels are reported for several species and, hence, their daily energy expenditure (DEE) may be affected. DEE is a potent mediator of life-history trade-offs and fitness and thus an important aspect to consider when examining the potential long-term ecological effects of ALAN. Previous work has suggested that birds exposed to ALAN show higher levels of provisioning and nocturnal activity, suggesting that white ALAN increases DEE. Other factors regulating DEE, such as provisioning behavior and food availability, might also respond to ALAN and thus indirectly affect DEE. We tested the hypothesis that ALAN increases DEE using an experimental setup where four previously unlit transects were illuminated with either white, green, or red LED light, or left dark as a control treatment. This setup was replicated in eight locations across the Netherlands. We measured DEE of our focal species, the great tit (Parus major), using a novel doubly labeled water technique that uses breath rather than blood samples. Contrary to our expectations, birds feeding their offspring under white and green ALAN showed lower DEE compared to birds in the control dark treatment. Differences in chick provisioning activity did not explain this result, as neither visit rates nor daily activity timing was affected by light treatment. However, food availability under white and green light was much higher compared to red light and the dark control. This difference strongly suggests that the lower DEE under white and green ALAN sites is a consequence of higher food availability in these treatments. This result shows that there can be positive, indirect effects of ALAN for breeding song birds which may balance against the negative direct effects shown in previous studies.

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Effect of artificial night lighting on temporally partitioned spiny mice

Cited by 82 publications

References 49 publications

Biogeography of time partitioning in mammals

Biogeography of time partitioning in mammals

Benefits and costs of artificial nighttime lighting of the environment

Artificial Light at Night Reduces Daily Energy Expenditure in Breeding Great Tits (Parus major)

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