Effect of atropine on sputum production.

Lopez-Vidriero, M T; Costello, J; Clark, T. J. H.; Das, Indrajit; Keal, E.E.; Reid, Lynne

doi:10.1136/thx.30.5.543

Cited by 49 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the oxitropium group the elasticity (G') of the sputum increased from 68 (12) dyne/cm2 on day 0 to 97 (20) dyne/cm2 after eight weeks (p < 0 05, n = 17). The dynamic viscosity (i') also tended to increase from 32 (14) to 40 (22) poise, but this was not significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of long term treatment with oxitropium bromide on airway secretion in chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Tamaoki¹,

Chiyotani²,

Tagaya³

et al. 1994

Thorax

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Background -Anticholinergic bronchodilator drugs improve lung function in chronic bronchitis but less is known of their effects on the volume and physical properties of sputum in conditions associated with excessive airway secretions. This study examines the effects of the regular use of oxitropium bromide in such patients. Methods -The study was conducted in a parallel, double blind, placebo controlled fashion. Patients were divided into two groups: the first group (n= 17) received oxitropium bromide from a metered dose inhaler (two puffs three times daily; 100 pg/puff) for eight weeks, and the second group (n = 16) received placebo.Lung function was measured as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEVy) and vital capacity. In evaluating airway secretion, daily amount of expectorated sputum, percentage solid composition, viscoelastic properties including elastic modulus and dynamic viscosity, and sputum microbiology were determined. Results -Oxitropium bromide increased FEV1 and decreased the mean (SE) sputum production from 61(4) to 42(3) g/day after treatment, whereas placebo had no effect. Bacterial density and sputum flora were unchanged, but solid composition and elastic modulus increased from 2-52(0-43)% to 3-12 (0 34)%, and 68(12) dyne/ cm2, respectively, in the group taking oxitropium bromide. Conclusions -Regular treatment with oxitropium bromide not only improves airflow limitation but also reduces sputum production, probably through the inhibition of both mucus secretion and water transport, the latter component being predominant.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of long term treatment with oxitropium bromide on airway secretion in chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Tamaoki¹,

Chiyotani²,

Tagaya³

et al. 1994

Thorax

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“…Atropine alone, however, had no effect on the release of mucus [27]. L opez ‐V idriero et al [35] found that atropine had an inhibitory effect on bronchial gland secretion in three patients (with a diagnosis of chronic bronchitis, intrinsic asthma or bronchiectasis in combination with bronchorrhoea). The single administration of atropine (either by inhalation or intramuscular injection) is reported not to alter sputum viscosity in patients with chronic bronchitis, asthma or bronchiectasis [35, 36].…”

Section: Anticholinergicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of drugs on mucus clearance

Houtmeyers¹,

Gosselink²,

Gayan‐Ramirez³

et al. 1999

Eur Respir J

112

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Mucociliary clearance (MCC), the process in which airway mucus together with substances trapped within are moved out of the lungs, is an important defence mechanism of the human body. Drugs may alter this process, such that it is necessary to know the effect of the drugs on MCC. Indeed, agents stimulating MCC may be used therapeutically in respiratory medicine, especially in patients suspected of having an impairment of their mucociliary transport system. In contrast, caution should be taken with drugs depressing MCC as an undesired side‐effect, independently of their therapeutic indication. Since cough clearance (CC) serves as a back‐up system when MCC fails, the influence of drugs must be examined not only on MCC but also on CC. Ultimately, the clinical repercussions of alterations in mucus transport induced by drug administration must be studied. Tertiary ammonium compounds (anticholinergics), aspirin, anaesthetic agents and benzodiazepines have been shown to be capable of depressing the mucociliary transport system. Cholinergics, methylxanthines, sodium cromoglycate, hypertonic saline, saline as well as water aerosol have been shown to increase MCC. Adrenergic antagonists, guaifenesin, S‐carboxymethylcysteine, sodium 2‐mercapto‐ethane sulphonate and frusemide have been reported not to alter the mucociliary transport significantly. Amiloride, uridine 5′‐triphosphate (UTP), quaternary ammonium compounds (anticholinergics), adrenergic agonists, corticosteroids, recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase), N‐acetylcysteine, bromhexine and ambroxol have been reported either not to change or to augment MCC. Indirect data suggest that surfactant as well as antibiotics may improve the mucociliary transport system. As for the influence of drugs on CC, amiloride and rhDNase have been demonstrated to increase the effectiveness of cough. A trend towards an improved CC was noted after treatment with adrenergic agonists. The anticholinergic agent ipratropium bromide, which is a quaternary ammonium compound, has been suggested to decrease CC significantly. Bromhexine, ambroxol and neutral saline seemed not to alter CC, either positively or negatively. Finally, treatment with either amiloride, recombinant human deoxyribonuclease, bromhexine, ambroxol, N‐acetylcysteine, S‐carboxymethylcysteine or hypertonic saline has been suggested as a possible cause of clinical improvement in patients, such as the experience of dyspnoea, the case of expectoration or the frequency of infective exacerbations. Other agents did not show a clinical benefit. Eur Respir J 1999; 14: 452–467.

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“…Because human airway epithelium is likely to be primarily absorptive (5,22,26,62,63), a major fraction of the airway fluid seems to be derived from the submucosal gland (2,48) and follows an active Cl Ϫ secretion from the glandular acini (11,14,48). The airway secretion appears to be under tonic regulation by cholinergic nerves because oral administration of atropine reduces the secretion (35) and vagal cooling reduces it by ϳ40% (59). An in vivo observation indicated that cholinergic agents were much more potent stim-ulators of gland secretion than were adrenergic agonists when estimated using hillock formations of a powdered tantalum layer coating the airway surface (43).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic ADP-ribose, a putative Ca²⁺-mobilizing second messenger, operates in submucosal gland acinar cells

Sasamori

Sasaki²,

Takasawa³

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR), a putative Ca(2+)-mobilizing second messenger, has been reported to operate in several mammalian cells. To investigate whether cADPR is involved in electrolyte secretion from airway glands, we used a patch-clamp technique, the measurement of microsomal Ca(2+) release, quantification of cellular cADPR, and RT-PCR for CD38 mRNA in human and feline tracheal glands. cADPR (>6 microM), infused into the cell via the patch pipette, caused ionic currents dependent on cellular Ca(2+). Infusions of lower concentrations (2-4 microM) of cADPR or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) alone were without effect on the baseline current, but a combined application of cADPR and IP(3) mimicked the cellular response to low concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh). Microsomes derived from the isolated glands released Ca(2+) in response to both IP(3) and cADPR. cADPR released Ca(2+) from microsomes desensitized to IP(3) or those treated with heparin. The mRNA for CD38, an enzyme protein involved in cADPR metabolism, was detected in human tissues, including tracheal glands, and the cellular content of cADPR was increased with physiologically relevant concentrations of ACh. We conclude that cADPR, in concert with IP(3), operates in airway gland acinar cells to mobilize Ca(2+), resulting in Cl(-) secretion.

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Effect of atropine on sputum production.

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of long term treatment with oxitropium bromide on airway secretion in chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Effect of long term treatment with oxitropium bromide on airway secretion in chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Effects of drugs on mucus clearance

Cyclic ADP-ribose, a putative Ca²⁺-mobilizing second messenger, operates in submucosal gland acinar cells

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Effect of atropine on sputum production.

Cited by 49 publications

References 17 publications

Effect of long term treatment with oxitropium bromide on airway secretion in chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Effect of long term treatment with oxitropium bromide on airway secretion in chronic bronchitis and diffuse panbronchiolitis.

Effects of drugs on mucus clearance

Cyclic ADP-ribose, a putative Ca2+-mobilizing second messenger, operates in submucosal gland acinar cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Cyclic ADP-ribose, a putative Ca²⁺-mobilizing second messenger, operates in submucosal gland acinar cells