Effect of Awareness on the Change of Polluting Emission - Analysis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis-

Kang, Heechan

doi:10.15266/kerea.2013.22.3.437

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Kim and Kim (2008) and Yoon and Han (2010) explored South Korea's municipalities and economic regions using multiple air pollutants including PM 10 and found both inverted U and U-shaped EKC relationships. Kang (2019) examined the EKC hypothesis for 16 economic regions in South Korea during the period 2003-2014 using gross regional domestic product (GRDP) as the economic indicator and PM 10 as the environmental indicator, and showed an N-shaped relationship between air pollution caused by PM 10 and economic development with the spatial Durbin model (SDM).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that as an economy starts moving along the growth trajectory, the environment rst deteriorates due to pollution and other environmental consequences attributed to rapid industrialization, and then starts to improve when the economy starts to develop and reaches a particular income level. Unlike this hypothesis, recent research (Allard et al, 2018;Kang, 2019) suggests an N-shaped relationship between South Korea's environmental degradation and economic growth, with air pollution as the environmental indicator. This implies that although environmental degradation has been alleviated at some point, it has again started to rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Transboundary Particulate Matter Pollution and the Environmental Kuznets Curve in Korea

bak,

Teshigawara,

Yoon

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Recent studies on the air pollution Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in South Korea imply an N-shaped curve, suggesting the worsening of air pollution in the country. This study aims to test the EKC hypothesis of South Korea by considering China’s transboundary air pollution effect. We estimate EKC for monthly PM10 with the generalized least squares approach using meteorological and economic factors, and China’s effect during 2000–2021. We find that PM10 pollution shows an N-shaped trajectory EKC with turning points at $6,836 and $12,662, suggesting that China’s effect may have played a role in the process of improving and deteriorating air quality in South Korea. We also confirm that major air pollutants (PM10, SO2, and NO2) are cointegrated using the seemingly unrelated regressions (SUR) model. The findings suggest a need for regional cooperation, taking into account the transboundary effects from neighboring countries to mitigate air pollution in a country.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%