Effect of azadirachtin on mortality and immune response of leaf-cutting ants

Deleterious action of azadirachtin against the mutualistic fungus of leaf‐cutting ants

“…A recent study demonstrated that azadirachtin causes increased mortality of leaf‐cutting ant workers [12]. As the optimal activity of the fungus depends directly on the action of the ants and azadirachtin causes a reduction in the production of hyphae by the fungus, the union of these two aspects suggests n improved strategy in the management of these insects.…”

“…The toxicity of azadirachtin to the mutualistic fungus of leaf‐cutting ants was evaluated by adding different substance concentrations to the culture medium. These concentrations were determined according to toxicity tests carried out on leaf‐cutting ant workers, in which concentrations of 0.6, 1.2, 3.0, and 6.0 mg/ml were tested [12].…”

Research progress of meliaceous limonoids from 2011 to 2021

“…433 In addition, azadirachtin has shown insecticidal activity against Sitophilus zeamais, C. maculatus, and leaf-cutting ants. 434,435 Gedunin derivatives inhibit the growth of S. frugiperda by prolonging the larval stage. 436 Cedrelone showed signicant toxicity to S. frugiperda, causing lethal and sublethal effects.…”

Arthropods on Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Sapindales: Meliaceae) saplings

“…(Sapindales: Meliaceae) is used to control erosion due to its drought resistance and well-developed root system capable of extracting nutrients from lower soil levels. Applying neem extract directly to the crops as a pesticide (high toxicity to insects, feeding deterrent, and/or repellent effects) can be an effective agricultural practice due to its main compound: azadirachtin (Amaral et al, 2019). Few insects' pests damage A. indica like as Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel, 1908 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) (Souza et al, 2009).…”

“…The data above were used in the Percentage of Importance 1). Azadirachtin is an insect antifeedant, growth disruptor, and insecticide (Amaral et al, 2019). However, among the natural enemies, Camponotus sp.…”