Effect of Bacterial or Fungal Phytase Supplementation on the Performance, Egg Quality, Plasma Biochemical Parameters, and Reproductive Morphology of Laying Hens

Abstract

Catalytic and physicochemical properties of microbial phytase sources may differ, affecting phosphorus (P) release and subsequently the productive and reproductive performance of layers. The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of bacterial and fungal phytase sources on layer productivity, egg production, biochemical blood indices, and reproductive morphology. For this purpose, 360 Bovans brown hens at 42 weeks of age were randomly allocated into 4 experimental groups, each with 15 replicates of 6 hens. The first group (control) was fed a basal diet with 4.6 g/kg available P. In contrast, the second, third, and fourth groups were fed diets treated with 3.2 g/kg available P, supplemented with either 5000 FTU/kg of bacterial E. coli (QuantumTM Blue 5G), fungal Aspergillus niger (VemoZyme® F 5000 Naturally Thermostable Phytase (NTP)), or fungal Trichodermareesei (Yemzim® FZ100). Dietary supplementation of bacterial and fungal phytases did not affect the productive performance or egg quality criteria, except for increased shell weight and thickness (p < 0.05). Serum hepatic function biomarkers and lipid profiles were not altered in treated hens, while calcium and P levels were increased (p < 0.05) related to the controls. Ovary index and length, and relative weight of oviduct and its segments were not influenced. The contents of cholesterol and malondialdehyde in the yolks from treated birds were lower compared to control hens, while calcium and P content increased (p < 0.05). Conclusively, bacterial and fungal phytase sources can compensate for the reduction of available P in layers’ diets and enhance shell and yolk quality without affecting productive performance, and no differences among them were noticed.

Effects of Replacing Yellow Corn with Olive Cake Meal on Growth Performance, Plasma Lipid Profile, and Muscle Fatty Acid Content in Broilers

“…In the current study, feeding with OCM increased the vitamin E level of the muscles in birds, which may lead to a reduction in the lipid peroxidation process in the birds and, as a result, reduce the oxidation status [ 36 ]. Since the essence of the diet has a direct relationship with oxidative damage in cultured organisms, oxidative focus occurs when the development and removal processes of free radicals (ROS) are unbalanced [ 39 , 40 ]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, protect body tissues from oxidative stress [ 41 ].…”

Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens

“…The correlation between eggshell and bone quality may be different in various conditions since eggshell and bone quality were also influenced by diets and environmental factors [ 6 – 9 , 31 , 42 ]. Our previous study suggested that eggshell quality exhibited simultaneous improvements with bone quality by changing a conventional caging system to an aviary system [ 31 ].…”

“…These hens laying weak-shelled eggs deserve special attention since they are responsible for a high breakage rate of eggs at the late laying period. Nutritional modulation strategies have been widely recognized as positive means of improving egg, especially eggshell, quality [ 6 – 9 ]. Comparison of eggshells and physiological characteristics of hens with high and low eggshell breaking strength could reveal the mechanism of increased egg breakage rate in aged laying hens, which is beneficial to develop more suitable products or measures for eggshell quality improvement.…”

Stimulatory effect of medium components on phytase production by Aspergillus niger and biotechnological application as a poultry feed additive

“…To fulfill the requirements of phosphorous for the birds, monocalcium phosphate (MCP) or dicalcium phosphate (DCP) in the form of inorganic phosphorous may be supplemented to the poultry feed. But, in this way, the cost of feed and the amount of P released in the form of excreta will be increased causing environmental pollution (Saleh et al, 2021). To deal with such problems, supplementation of phytase in the bird's feed is a suitable solution (Lalpanmawia et al, 2014).…”