Effect of bacteriophages and chamber bitter (Phyllanthus amarus) in combination on Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Abstract

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is one of the causes of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease or early mortality syndrome in shrimps. Frequent and repeated application of antibiotics leads to generating resistant strains. Bacteriophages and plant extracts are considered potential biological agents in precaution and treatment of bacterial diseases in aquaculture. The study aimed to investigate the effects of bacteriophages and Phyllanthus amarus extract on strains of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria that were isolated from white leg shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei). In this study, two strains of V. parahaemolyticus were used: B4XT4 (pure strain) and B4X0T2.2 (isolated strain) for preparing four treatments consisting of combining the bacteria with P. amarus extracts (8 mg/mL), bacteriophage (10 6 PFU/mL), a combination of P. amarus and bacteriophage, and a control treatment. The experiment was conducted in triplicate. The results showed that only plant extracts could inhibit bacterial growth. The colonial morphology of bacteria was changed when bacteriophages and P. amarus extract were added.