Effect of ball size and powder loading on the milling efficiency of a laboratory-scale wet ball mill

Shin, Hyunho; Lee, Sangwook; Jung, Hyun Suk; Kim, Jong-Bong

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.04.093

Cited by 135 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Hence better size reduction with smaller size particles can be obtained. 48 In the present work, similar results were obtained on varying the size of the grinding balls.…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

A top-down technique to improve the solubility and bioavailability of aceclofenac: in vitro and in vivo studies

Narayan¹,

Pednekar²,

Bhuyan³

et al. 2017

IJN

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The aim of the present work was to tackle the solubility issue of a biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS)-II drug, aceclofenac. Although a number of attempts to increase the aqueous solubility have been made, none of the methods were taken up for scale-up. Hence size reduction technique by a top-down approach using wet milling process was utilized to improve the solubility and, consequently, the dissolution velocity of aceclofenac. The quality of the final product was ensured by Quality by Design approach wherein the effects of critical material attributes and critical process parameters were assessed on the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of nanocrystals. Box–Behnken design was applied to evaluate these effects on critical quality attributes. The optimized nanocrystals had a particle size of 484.7±54.12 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.108±0.009. The solid state characterization of the formulation revealed that the crystalline nature of the drug was slightly reduced after the milling process. With the reduced particle size, the solubility of the nanocrystals was found to increase in both water and 0.1 N HCl when compared with that of unmilled pure aceclofenac. These results were further supported by in vitro release studies of nanocrystals where an appreciable dissolution velocity with 100.07%±2.38% release was observed for aceclofenac nanocrystals compared with 47.66%±4.53% release for pure unmilled aceclofenac at the end of 2 h. The in vivo pharmacokinetic data generated showed a statistically significant increase in the C max for aceclofenac nanocrystals of 3.75±0.28 µg/mL (for pure unmilled aceclofenac C max was 1.96±0.17 µg/mL). The results obtained indicated that the developed nanocrystals of aceclofenac were successful in improving the solubility, thus the absorption and bioavailability of the drug. Hence, it may be a viable and cost-effective alternative to the current therapy.

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“…Hence better size reduction with smaller size particles can be obtained. 48 In the present work, similar results were obtained on varying the size of the grinding balls.…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

A top-down technique to improve the solubility and bioavailability of aceclofenac: in vitro and in vivo studies

Narayan¹,

Pednekar²,

Bhuyan³

et al. 2017

IJN

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“…On the other side, the number of bead (n) at a given filling ratio increased with reduced bead diameter by the relation, n f d À3 . SN is proportional to the n. Thus, SN increases with reduced bead diameter: SN f n f d À3 (Shin et al, 2013). Therefore, as the bead diameter decreases, SI decreases while SN increases, which contribute inversely to the reduction of final particle size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…introduced the procedure of NFB formation using high-energy wet media milling, and obtained NFB particles with an average particle size of 280 nm. The milling performance of high-energy media mill is strongly affected by operational parameters, such as agitation speed, bead diameter and bead filling ratio (Jayasundara, Yang, & Yu, 2012;Shin, Lee, Suk Jung, & Kim, 2013). However, operational parameters affecting the particle size of NFB have not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physicochemical properties of nano fish bone prepared by wet media milling

Yin

Park

Xiong

2015

LWT - Food Science and Technology

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“…Furthermore, several studies investigated the effect of the variation of kinetic model parameters, when different mill operating conditions were used. These conditions include ball size [33][34][35][36], media shape [37,38], mill speed [28,39] and powder loading [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Modeling of the Grinding Process through the Combined Use of Matrix and Population Balance Models

Petrakis

Komnitsas

2017

Minerals

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Abstract:The mechanistic approach has proven so far to be flexible and successful for simulation of the grinding process. The basic idea underlying mechanistic models, namely the matrix and population balance models, is based on the identification of natural events during grinding. Since each model has its own capabilities and limitations, their combined use may offer additional advantages on this aspect. In this study, the matrix model and the selection function, namely the probability of breakage of the population balance model, were combined through a MATLAB code to predict the size distribution of the grinding products of quartz, marble, quartzite and metasandstone. The modeling results were in very good agreement with the particle size distributions obtained after grinding the feeds in a ball mill.

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Effect of ball size and powder loading on the milling efficiency of a laboratory-scale wet ball mill

Cited by 135 publications

References 14 publications

A top-down technique to improve the solubility and bioavailability of aceclofenac: in vitro and in vivo studies

A top-down technique to improve the solubility and bioavailability of aceclofenac: in vitro and in vivo studies

Physicochemical properties of nano fish bone prepared by wet media milling

Improved Modeling of the Grinding Process through the Combined Use of Matrix and Population Balance Models

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