Effect of barriers on the Clifton suspension bridge, England, on local patterns of suicide: implications for prevention

Bennewith, Olive; Nowers, Mike; Gunnell, David

doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.027136

Cited by 85 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Recent studies have revealed that erecting fences or barriers at hot spot jumping sites is effective in reducing the number of suicides by jumping 13 18 19. Sadly, there is evidence illustrating that the removal of safety barriers in a central city bridge in an Australian metropolitan area in 1996 resulted in a substantial increase in the number of suicide deaths by jumping from the bridge 20.…”

Section: Implications For Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive epidemiological study of sites of suicide jumps in Taipei, Taiwan

Chen

Gunnell

2009

Inj Prev

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Section: Implications For Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Descriptive epidemiological study of sites of suicide jumps in Taipei, Taiwan

Chen

Gunnell

2009

Inj Prev

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“…Physical barriers are effective in reducing suicides at particular jumping sites, although evidence regarding displacement of suicides to other sites remains inconclusive. [41][42][43][44] Preventing access to the means of suicide does not, however, address individual psychological distress. Other interventions, such as depression screening and treatment, are likely to be important for reducing high suicide rates in urban and rural areas.…”

Section: Implications For Research and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading Causes of Unintentional Injury and Suicide Mortality in Canadian Adults across the Urban-Rural Continuum

Burrows

Auger²,

Gamache

et al. 2013

Public Health Rep

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Objective. We examined the leading causes of unintentional injury and suicide mortality in adults across the urban-rural continuum.Methods. Injury mortality data were drawn from a representative cohort of 2,735,152 Canadians aged 25 years at baseline, who were followed for mortality from 1991 to 2001. We estimated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for urban-rural continuum and cause-specific unintentional injury (i.e., motor vehicle, falls, poisoning, drowning, suffocation, and fire/burn) and suicide (i.e., hanging, poisoning, firearm, and jumping) mortality, adjusting for socioeconomic and demographic characteristics.Results. Rates of unintentional injury mortality were elevated in less urbanized areas for both males and females. We found an urban-rural gradient for motor vehicle, drowning, and fire/burn deaths, but not for fall, poisoning, or suffocation deaths. Urban-rural differences in suicide risk were observed for males but not females. Declining urbanization was associated with higher risks of firearm suicides and lower risks of jumping suicides, but there was no apparent trend in hanging and poisoning suicides.Conclusion. Urban-rural gradients in adults were more pronounced for unintentional motor vehicle, drowning, and fire/burn deaths, as well as for firearm and jumping suicide deaths than for other causes of injury mortality. These results suggest that the degree of urbanization may be an important consideration in guiding prevention efforts for many causes of injury fatality.

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“…Placing barriers at known suicide locations (e.g. certain bridges) is another effective method for deterring selfharm and suicide, as a significant number of people who are deterred or delayed in this fashion will re-consider their suicidal thoughts and many will not proceed to find other means of self-harm (Bennewith et al 2007;Zalsman et al 2016).…”

Section: Interventions At the Level Of The Individualmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are we finally making progress with suicide and self-harm? An overview of the history, epidemiology and evidence for prevention

Kelly

2017

Ir. j. psychol. Med.

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Ireland’s suicide rate is falling, but suicide and self-harm remain substantial societal problems. It is not possible to predict suicide at the level of the individual but good primary care, good mental health care and good social care all likely reduce risk. In terms of targeted interventions, public health measures, such as paracetamol pack size regulations, have the best evidence base to support them. Despite increased public and professional discussion, much remains to be done to provide effective, coordinated support to those at risk of suicide and those bereaved. In 2016, there were up to 300 different groups providing support. Clearly, a coordinated, effective and compassionate approach is needed, linking community and state resources meaningfully with each other. Approaches rooted outside of core mental health services will be vital: addressing alcohol problems and other addictions, reducing homelessness, reforming the criminal justice system and improving social care.

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Effect of barriers on the Clifton suspension bridge, England, on local patterns of suicide: implications for prevention

Cited by 85 publications

References 6 publications

Descriptive epidemiological study of sites of suicide jumps in Taipei, Taiwan

Descriptive epidemiological study of sites of suicide jumps in Taipei, Taiwan

Leading Causes of Unintentional Injury and Suicide Mortality in Canadian Adults across the Urban-Rural Continuum

Are we finally making progress with suicide and self-harm? An overview of the history, epidemiology and evidence for prevention

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