Effect of beat noise on the performance of two-dimensional time-spreading/wavelength-hopping optical code-division multiple-access systems

Performance Analysis of a 2-D Time-wavelength OCDMA Wavelength-Aware Receiver with Beat Noise

“…In normal multi-user environments, the encoded signals of the intended user and other users are simultaneously incident at the receiver. The following assumptions are applied in the analysis [5][6]:…”

“…One of the limiting factors with TW schemes and indeed other OCDMA coding approaches, is beat noise (BN) [5][6] which occurs when different optical signals -the main signal and crosstalk term(s) -at nominally the same frequencies are incident simultaneously on a photodetector. Due to the action of the square law detector, the photocurrent owing to BN is much greater than that attributed to the incident optical power of the crosstalk signal, producing severe system performance degradations.…”

Improving Performance of FBG-based OCDMA System Employing All-optical Signal Processing

“…optical powers of the data signal and interferers, respectively [8][9]; B e is the electrical receiver bandwidth and B o is the laser linewidth. For the multiple access interference (MAI) case, the total current is defined as the sum of all crosstalk power signals.…”

“…For coherent optical sources, limited research is found considering the effect of IN. The impact of IN has been investigated for 1D time spreading [7] and 2D time-wavelength (2D-TW) OCDMA [8,9]. Recently, an experimental study has been reported demonstrating the performance of 4-users at 1.25Gbps under the influence of IN [10].…”

Interferometric noise characterization of a 2-D time-spreading wavelength-hopping OCDMA network using FBG encoding and decoding

“…Therefore, more severe system performance degradation and error floors result [1][2][3]. Most optical systems are prone to IN, for example, wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) [4,5], time-division multiplexing (TDM) [6,7], subcarrier multiplexing [8,9], and OCDMA [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”