Effect of Bentonite Characteristics on the Elemental Composition of Wine

Abstract

Physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of six bentonites were assessed and related to their elemental release to wine. Extraction essays of bentonites in wine at three pH levels were carried out. The multielemental analysis of bentonites and wines was performed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Bentonite addition resulted in significantly higher concentrations of Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Sc, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ga, Ge, As, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, W, Tl, Bi, and W. In contrast, the concentrations of B, K, Cu, Zn, and Rb significantly decreased. A strong correlation between Na concentrations of treated wines and its content in bentonite exchange complex was observed. Al and Fe contents reflected bentonite extractable aluminous and ferruginous constituents, while Be, Mg, Ca, V, Mn, Ni, Ge, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Tl, Pb, and U concentrations reflected the elemental composition of bentonites. Several nonconformances with OIV specifications demonstrated the need for an effective control.

Elemental Content and Lead-Strontium Isotope Characterization of Wine

“…Some elements may be lost through winemaking process, but the exposure to precipitants (bentonites) and containers may contribute to the quantity of some metals in wines [23].…”

Metal Concentrations of Red Wines in Southeast Romania

“…The second source is linked to the ways and conditions of grape production, among which applications of pesticides and environmental air pollution are frequently stressed (Angelova et al, 1999). The third source of factors are those related to the alcoholic fermentation and possibly added different substances (oenological substances) during the production of wine (Catarino et al, 2008). The fourth source includes subsequent contaminations of wine with metals by the equipment used during the wine making process, the characteristics of vessels for wine storage, and also the characteristics of a glass used for wine bottles (Kristl et al, 2003).…”

Evaluating Nanofiltration Effect on Wine 87Sr/86Sr Isotopic Ratio and the Robustness of this Geographical Fingerprint

“…According to Horn et al (1997), fining with bentonites, deacidification with carbonates and storage in glass showed little effects on wine 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratio. Nevertheless, it is well known that the use of some technological aids, namely bentonite, can result in significantly higher concentrations of Sr (Catarino et al, 2008a).…”