Effect of Beta-Carotene Supplementation on the Serum Oxidative Stress Biomarker and Antibody Titer against Live Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination in Japanese Black Calves

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of vaccination and beta-carotene supplementation on blood oxidative stress and antibody response in calves. Thirty Japanese Black calves were randomly assigned to two groups. Fifteen calves received 20 mg of beta-carotene supplemented into their daily provided rations from 2 to 8 weeks of age (BC group), and the other 15 calves did not receive the daily beta-carotene supplement (control group). All calves received a commercially available modified live bovine respiratory syncytial (RS) virus vaccine at 4 and 8 weeks of age. Blood samples were taken at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks of age. At 4 weeks of age, the concentration of reactive oxygen metabolites within serum were significantly lower in the BC group than the concentrations measured in the control group. Also at 4 weeks of age, the concentration of biological antioxidant capacity within serum was significantly higher in the BC group than the concentrations measured in the control group. Both groups showed a gradual decrease of antibody titers to live bovine RS virus in the samples taken from 2 to 12 weeks of age. These results confirmed that beta-carotene supplementation decreased oxidative stress. However, beta-carotene supplementation did not affect the antibody response to live bovine RS virus vaccination, perhaps due to the presence of the maternal antibody.

The effect of parenteral application of vitamin A, vitamin E, and β-carotene to pregnant cows on selected indices in their calves

“…On the other hand, in the work by Krueger et al (2014) newborned Holstein bulls injected with a vitamin preparation containg vitamins E, A, and D had increased plasma IgG1 concentrations. Beta-carotene supplemented orally did not significantly influence antibody titres after vaccination in Japanese black calves (Otomaru et al 2018). The IgG concentration of group 2 was the highest before colostrum intake compared to the other groups in this sampling.…”

“…The mothers of this group of calves received a vitamin formula which contained vitamins E, A and D. Vitamin E is a potent antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage. In the work by Otomaru et al (2018), calves supplemented orally with 20 mg of β-carotene showed reduced oxidative stress and increased oxidative capacity. Pišťková et al (2019) and Mikulková et al (2020) reported the lowest TAS in cows 2-3 days after calving, when the lowest levels of vitamin E, vitamin A and β-carotene were also found.…”

Effect of Beta-Carotene Supplementation on the Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Population in Japanese Black Calves

“…Decrease in serum beta-carotene concentration was associated with the development of respiratory and digestive diseases (23). We previously reported that the supplementation of Japanese Black calves with beta-carotene could increase the serum antioxidative stress and decreased the serum oxidative stress (24). Therefore, increase in the number of CD4positive cells in the BC group compared with the control group in the present study might have been associated with decreased oxidative stress in blood and/or increased the serum beta-carotene concentration.…”

Effects of vitamin C supplementation on the blood oxidative stress and antibody titre against Histophilus somni vaccination in calves

“…White blood cells (WBC) and red blood cells (RBC) were counted and haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Ht) were measured in the blood samples in the EDTA-2AK tubes using a 6550 automatic haemocytometer (Nihon Kohden, Tokyo, Japan) within 4 h of collection. The serum oxidant status was determined using a diacron reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) test, which determines hydroperoxides (1,18,21). The serum concentrations of antioxidant capacity were measured using a biological antioxidant potential (BAP) test (1,18,21), and the d-ROMs and BAP were measured using a free radical analyser (FREE Carrio Duo, Diacron International, Grosseto, Italy) (1,18).…”