Effect of bioactive glass air‐abrasion on the wettability and osteoblast proliferation on sandblasted and acid‐etched titanium surfaces

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hydrophilicity, surface free energy, and proliferation and viability of human osteoblast‐like MC3T3‐E1 cells on sandblasted and acid‐etched titanium surfaces after air‐abrasion with 45S5 bioactive glass, zinc‐containing bioactive glass, or inert glass. Sandblasted and acid‐etched titanium discs were subjected to air‐abrasion with 45S5 bioactive glass, experimental bioactive glass (Zn4), or inert glass. Water contact angles and surface free energy were evaluated. The surfaces were studied with preosteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells. Air‐abrasion with either type of glass significantly enhanced the hydrophilicity and surface free energy of the sandblasted and acid‐etched titanium discs. The MC3T3‐E1 cell number was higher for substrates air‐abraded with Zn4 bioactive glass and similar to that observed on borosilicate coverslips (controls). Confocal laser scanning microscopy images showed that MC3T3‐E1 cells did not spread as extensively on the sandblasted and acid‐etched and bioactive glass‐abraded surfaces as they did on control surfaces. However, for 45S5‐ and Zn4‐treated samples, the cells spread most at the 24 h time point and changed their morphology to more spindle‐like when cultured further. Air‐abrasion with bioactive glass and inert glass was shown to have a significant effect on the wettability and surface free energy of the surfaces under investigation. Osteoblast cell proliferation on sandblasted and acid‐etched titanium discs was enhanced by air‐abrasion with 45S5 bioactive glass and experimental Zn4 bioactive glass compared with air‐abrasion with inert glass or no air‐abrasion.

In-Vitro Phenotypic Response of Human Osteoblasts to Different Degrees of Titanium Surface Roughness

“…In part, this drop in cell proliferation could have been due to the short time interval between both evaluations (2 days), which technically would have allowed less time for the cells to adapt to the new environment and proliferate; however, toward day 10, when the cells had more time to adapt, the proliferation level increased. This decrease in cell proliferation does not necessarily imply that cells are dying, as they might be reacting to the surface through differentiation rather than proliferation, and increased proliferation might be a reaction to environmental stimuli [ 31 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Effect of bioactive glass air‐abrasion on Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilm formed on moderately rough titanium surface

“…Our previous data [27] have shown that some glass particles remain adhered to or embedded inside the pores on the abraded SA surface after BG air‐abrasion. Furthermore, our previous study demonstrated that air‐abrasion of SA discs with 45S5 BG, Zn4 BG, or inert glass results in smoother surface topography than is seen for SA without glass particle air‐abrasion (Figure 7) [31].…”

“…*** p < 0.001. Data were extracted from previous publication [31]…”

Construction of Local Drug Delivery System on Titanium-Based Implants to Improve Osseointegration

“…SLA : Currently, SLA is the most commonly used strategy for surface modification of implants [ 45 ]. This strategy means that the abrasive medium material is sprayed on the surface of the implant by high-speed air flow to form a depression [ 46 , 47 ]. After that, acid etching is used to form smaller secondary structures and to clean impurities on the implant surface [ 48 ].…”