Effect of Biofunctional Green Synthesized MgO-Nanoparticles on Oxidative-Stress-Induced Tissue Damage and Thrombosis

Abstract

The present study describes the green biofunctional synthesis of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles using the aqueous Tarenna asiatica fruit extract. The characterization of Tarenna asiatica fruit extract MgO nanoparticles (TAFEMgO NPs) was achieved by X-ray powder diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM, SEM, and energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction. TAFEMgO NPs scavenged the DPPH free radicals with an IC50 value of 55.95 μg/μL, and it was highly significant compared to the standard. To authenticate the observed antioxidant potential of TAFEMgO NPs, oxidative stress was induced in red blood cells (RBC) using sodium nitrite (NaNO2). Interestingly, TAFEMgO NPs ameliorated the RBC damage from oxidative stress by significantly restoring the stress parameters, such as the protein carbonyl content (PCC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), total thiol (TT), super-oxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Furthermore, oxidative stress was induced in-vivo in Sprague Dawley female rats using diclofenac (DFC). TAFEMgO NPs normalized the stress parameters in-vivo and minimized the oxidative damage in tissues. Most importantly, TAFEMgO NPs restored the function and architecture of the damaged livers, kidneys, and small intestines by regulating biochemical parameters. TAFEMgO NPs exhibited an anticoagulant effect by increasing the clotting time from 193 s in the control to 885 s in the platelet rich plasma. TAFEMgO NPs prolonged the formation of the clot process in the activated partial thromboplastin time and the prothrombin time, suggest the effective involvement in both intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways of the blood coagulation cascade. TAFEMgO NPs inhibited adenosine di-phosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation. TAFEMgO NPs did not show hemolytic, hemorrhagic, and edema-inducing properties at the tested concentration of 100 mg/kgbody weight, suggesting its non-toxic property. In conclusion, TAFEMgO NPs mitigates the sodium nitrite (NaNO2)- and diclofenac (DFC)-induced stress due to oxidative damage in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.

Green Synthesised TiO2 Nanoparticles-Mediated Terenna asiatica: Evaluation of Their Role in Reducing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Human Breast Cancer Proliferation

“…Recently, green nanotechnology appears to be most promising for its high efficacy, eco-friendly and low cost properties without toxic effect [ 35 , 36 ]. Terenna asiatica is a medicinal herb with a wide array of therapeutic potential and it has been used in folk medicine since ancient times [ 37 ]. The therapeutic utility of Terenna asiatica could be the effect of robust phytochemicals, namely alkaloids, tanins, phenolics and flavonoids.…”

“…These data were also authenticated using an in vivo RBC model, TiO 2 NPs efficiently normalised the altered level of stress parameters such as lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl content (PCC), total thial (TT) and antioxidant enzymes (catalase and super oxide dismutase). Previous studies reported that the metal oxide nanoparticles, such as Mgo, protect RBC from oxidative damage [ 37 ].…”

A Deep Overview of Anticoagulant Drugs: Recent Synthesis and Their Activity Assay

“…Recent research uses green biofunctional production of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles from Tarenna asiatica fruit aqueous extract to synthesize anticoagulants (TAFEMgONPS). TAFEMgONPS increases platelet-rich plasma clotting time, prolongs APTT and PT clot formation, and inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation [50]. Nanotechnology employs a wide range of particles that differ in size, shape, and content.…”

Enhanced Cytotoxic Efficacy of Ocimum basilicum Leaf Extract-Mediated TiO2 Nanocrystals

“…Iqbal et al synthesized TiO 2 nanoparticles using leaf extract of Zanthoxylum armatum and showed potent cytotoxic activity against 4T1 breast tumor cells [22]. Venkatappa et al prepared TiO 2 nanoparticles using Terenna asiatica fruit extract and carried out an anticancerous activity against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line [23].…”