Effect of biological media on the physical, chemical, and magnetic properties of carbonyl iron and nickel powders

Abstract

The paper examines changes in carbonyl iron and nickel powders subjected to model biological media: water media and media containing human blood plasma. It is established that carbonyl iron powder interacts with biomedia containing blood plasma six times as fast as with water media. No oxidation or corrosion is observed in the process. The magnetic properties of the powder after the interaction with plasma-containing media do not practically deteriorate. Iron powder is intensively absorbed by blood plasma, Fe 3+ ions forming complex compounds with proteins. On the contrary, carbonyl nickel is not absorbed by blood plasma for five days, and the powder specific surface area and particle morphology remain practically unchanged after the interaction. Blood plasma seems to dissolve and transform metals according to the human body's demands. In the case of carbonyl iron, this process proceeds faster than corrosion does. In the case of carbonyl nickel, the opposite is observed.Keywords: carbonyl iron, carbonyl nickel, biological media, human blood plasma, powder specific surface area, magnetic properties.Superfine metal powders are widely used in many areas including medicine; therefore, unwanted side effects may occur in their production and application. A clear idea of how superfine metal powers affect the human body is crucial for their implementation and use. To grasp this idea, the transformation of powders in the body's biological media should be studied.The objective of this paper is to study how model biological media affect the physical, chemical, and magnetic properties of iron and nickel powders. The results may further be used as reference for other superfine iron-or nickel-based powders.

Biological and mechanical characterization of biodegradable carbonyl iron powder/polycaprolactone composite material fabricated using three-dimensional printing for cardiovascular stent application

“…The characteristic infrared bands for pure PCL are given in Table 3. The principal bands of pure PCL were 2943-2865 cm 21 (CH 2 stretching vibrations), 1720 cm 21 (C-O stretching vibrations), 1163 cm 21 (CH 2 and CH bending vibrations), 129-1042 cm 21 (C-O-C aliphatic ether stretching vibrations), and 731 cm 21 (long-chain CH 2 rocking motion vibrations). In the CIP/PCL FTIR spectrum, significant CIP particles were appeared to be covered with polymer PCL as the spectra showed the absence of any peak corresponding to CIP.…”

“…Elemental bonding, particle interaction, and absorbing properties of the composite materials were assessed by FTIR. The spectrums were recorded in the wavenumber range of 400-4000 cm 21 , as shown in Figure 6.…”

“…The phase content of all the composite films was recognized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD Rigaku Ultima IV) with a scanning rate of 10°/min and 2u angle varying from 10°to 90°. FTIR measurements were carried out with a Nicolet iS50 FTIR Spectrometer (Thermo Scientific) in a wavenumber range of 4000-400 cm 21 . FTIR spectrum of samples sheet obtained after solvent evaporation at room temperature was recorded.…”

“…15,[17][18][19][20] The properties such as slow rate of degradation, zero segmentation with blood plasma, negligible toxicity, prominent physical strength, zero inflammation, biocompatible, radiopaque, and antithrombotic make iron as an attractive material for biodegradable cardiovascular stents. 5,18,19,[21][22][23][24] Solvent cast three-dimensional (SC3D) printing is a method of direct printing of thermoplastics by dissolving the polymers in a solvent that is directly used for extrusion-based rapid manufacturing. A heavy viscous polymer solution on printing gets solidified by evaporation of the solvent in an open environment.…”