Green nanoparticles are the order of the day and find applications in translational research encompassing agriculture, environment, and biomedical science. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles have excellent insecticidal properties that have opened new avenues towards their utilization in efficient control of insect pests of pharmaceutical and veterinary importance. Nanobiotechnology has also opened new possibilities for improved environmental remediation, and nanoparticles are being used in the sensing, detection, and remediation of different environmental pollutants like heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, and even oil spills. Nanoparticles have been successfully explored in agriculture for improving germination, elemental uptake, use of nutrients, enhancement of crop yield, and stress tolerance in diverse plant species. Biogenic nanoparticles have been utilized for diverse biomedical uses comprising of diagnostics, drug delivery, biosensing, and bioimaging and as antimicrobial agents.