Effect of birth size and proportionality on BMI and skinfold thickness in early adolescence: prospective birth cohort study

Araújo, Claudia Affonso Silva; Hallal, Pedro Curi; Nader, Gisele; Neutzling, Marilda Borges; Vieira, Meredith; Victora, Cesar G

doi:10.1038/ejcn.2008.20

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is of relevance as newborns with high birth weight are more likely to become obese children. 31,32 Over the long term, childhood overweightobesity is strongly associated with adult obesity, that is Xfivefold increase in risk for being overweight in early adulthood. [33][34][35] Adults who were overweight in childhood are also at increased risk for cardiovascular disease compared with adults who were thin as children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise training during pregnancy and newborn's birth size: a randomised controlled trial

2009

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Objective: We examined the effect of light intensity resistance exercise training performed during the second and third trimester of pregnancy on the newborn's birth size. We also studied the association between maternal body weight prior to pregnancy and newborn's birth size. Design: Randomised controlled trial. Subjects: We randomly assigned 160 sedentary gravidae to either a training (n ¼ 80) or a control (n ¼ 80) group. The training programme focused on light resistance and toning exercises (three times per week, 35-40 min per session). We recorded the Apgar score, birth weight, birth length, and head circumference of the newborn, as well as gestational age at time of delivery from hospital perinatal records. We also measured maternal weight and height before parity and gestational weight gain. Results: Maternal characteristics neither differed between groups (all P40.1) nor newborn characteristics (all P40.1). Maternal body weight was positively and significantly associated with newborn's birth weight and length only in the control group (b ¼ 19.20 and 0.065, respectively, Po0.01). Conclusion: Light intensity resistance training performed over the second and third trimester of pregnancy does not have a negative impact on the newborn's body size or overall health. Exercise interventions might attenuate the adverse consequences of maternal body weight before pregnancy on the newborn's birth size.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance exercise training during pregnancy and newborn's birth size: a randomised controlled trial

2009

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“…First, birth weight gives newborn size which is more closely related to delivery complications than measures of relative birth weight. Secondly, current evidence indicates that among newborn anthropometric parameters birth weight is a better predictor of adolescent fat distribution than is relative birth weight (147). Furthermore, reduced relative birth weight show a poorer association with fat mass in newborn than does birth weight (148).…”

Section: High Birth Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modifiable determinants of fetal macrosomia: role of lifestyle‐related factors

Voldner

Frøslie²,

Bø

et al. 2008

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Background. Newborn macrosomia is associated with both short‐ and long‐term health risks for the infant, and increases the prevalence of birth complications. Parity, maternal age and gender of the child are known variables that influence fetal growth. The purpose of the present investigation was to evaluate prospectively the contributions of modifiable maternal predictors of fetal macrosomia (≥4,200 g), which included lifestyle‐related factors, such as nutritional intake, physical activity, and plasma glucose values, in addition to overweight and pregnancy weight gain. Methods. Some 553 women were followed through pregnancy. Predictive variables were subjected to univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. Among these were: body mass index (BMI), weight gain, maternal subcutaneous fat (mm), fasting and 2‐h plasma glucose, self‐reported physical activity before and during pregnancy, and nutritional intake of macronutrients. Gestational age, parity and gender were also included in the model. All continuous variables were dichotomized using the upper quartile as the cut‐off point in most cases. Results. If physical activity was left out of the analyses, BMI, weight gain, plasma glucose and gestational age were independent determinants of macrosomia. After including low level pre‐gestational physical activity in the model, we found that this was now a significant determinant of delivering a macrosomic infant with an OR = 2.9 (95% CI: 1.9, 7.3). Conclusion. The present study indicates that a low level of pre‐gestational physical activity adds to the modifiable determinants of newborn macrosomia.

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“…Both fetal [10] and early postnatal [11] weight gain are linked with the risk for future obesity, making the period from conception to age 2 years a prime period for the expression of genetic and environmental influences on weight gain. We recently found that a common FTO SNP, previously also shown to be unequivocally related to obesity at the population level [12,13,14], was not associated with size at birth but was associated with measures of fatness by 2 weeks of age as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between a Common Variant near MC4R and Change in Body Mass Index Develops by Two Weeks of Age

Petry

López‐Bermejo²,

Díaz³

et al. 2010

Horm Res Paediatr

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Background/Aims: The common polymorphism rs17782313 lying 188 kb downstream of the MC4R gene has recently been found to be unequivocally associated with body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk in adults and children. Our objective was to test the association between rs17782313 and neonatal weight gain in a contemporary population. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, hospital-based study using 278 healthy Caucasian newborns [142 girls; gestational age (mean ± SD) 39.3 ± 1.4 weeks, birth weight 3.1 ± 0.6 kg]. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at ∼13 days (range 9–20) and rs17782313 was genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results: rs17782313 was not associated with weight, length or ponderal index at birth. However, it was associated with changes in BMI (p = 0.0004) over the first 2 weeks of life and with body weight (p = 0.02) and BMI (p = 0.007) at age 2 weeks. Despite this, DXA measures of fat and lean mass failed to show any simple associations. Conclusion: Similar to other genetic variants associated with childhood and adult obesity, the association between rs17782313 genotype and body weight develops rapidly during the first 2 weeks of life, once caloric intake is regulated by the infant’s appetite.

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Effect of birth size and proportionality on BMI and skinfold thickness in early adolescence: prospective birth cohort study

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Resistance exercise training during pregnancy and newborn's birth size: a randomised controlled trial

Resistance exercise training during pregnancy and newborn's birth size: a randomised controlled trial

Modifiable determinants of fetal macrosomia: role of lifestyle‐related factors

Association between a Common Variant near MC4R and Change in Body Mass Index Develops by Two Weeks of Age

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