Effect of Blur Adaptation on Human Parafoveal Vision

Mańkowska, Aleksandra; Aziz, Kiren; Cufflin, Matthew P; Whitaker, David; Mallen, Edward A. H.

doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8477

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…However, it restricts the adaptation stimulus to the fovea and parafovea. So far, there is only one report, in which the visual acuity was evaluated in the fovea and out to 10°nasal visual field (Mankowska et al, 2012). Similar vision improvements were found in fovea and parafovea.…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Most previous studies on defocus induced blur adaptation used a small field stimulus for adaptation (<10°, as the television/computer monitor was viewed from a distance of more than 3 m). Even in a study that reported visual acuity changes in the periphery following blur adaptation, the adaptation stimulus was not extending to the periphery (Mankowska et al, 2012). However, Ohlendorf & Schaeffel, 2009 used a larger stimulus during adaptation; with a viewing distance of 1 m, the computer monitor must have subtended about 20°.…”

Section: Large Field Blur Stimulus Gave No Improvement After Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blur adaptation: Contrast sensitivity changes and stimulus extent

et al. 2015

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A prolonged exposure to foveal defocus is well known to affect the visual functions in the fovea. However, the effects of peripheral blur adaptation on foveal vision, or vice versa, are still unclear. In this study, we therefore examined the changes in contrast sensitivity function from baseline, following blur adaptation to small as well as laterally extended stimuli in four subjects. The small field stimulus (7.5° visual field) was a 30min video of forest scenery projected on a screen and the large field stimulus consisted of 7-tiles of the 7.5° stimulus stacked horizontally. Both stimuli were used for adaptation with optical blur (+2.00D trial lens) as well as for clear control conditions. After small field blur adaptation foveal contrast sensitivity improved in the mid spatial frequency region. However, these changes neither spread to the periphery nor occurred for the large field blur adaptation. To conclude, visual performance after adaptation is dependent on the lateral extent of the adaptation stimulus.

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Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Large Field Blur Stimulus Gave No Improvement After Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blur adaptation: Contrast sensitivity changes and stimulus extent

et al. 2015

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“…38 A recent study found that neural adaptation occurs in the parafovea as well as the fovea. 39 Hence, further investigation of the contrast adaptation at the parafovea or peripheral retina may provide insights to the importance of neural adaptation in myopia development.…”

Section: Future Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Text Type on Near Work–Induced Contrast Adaptation in Myopic and Emmetropic Young Adults

Yeo

Atchison

Schmid

2013

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. Contrast adaptation has been speculated to be an error signal for emmetropization. Myopic children exhibit higher contrast adaptation than emmetropic children. This study aimed to determine whether contrast adaptation varies with the type of text viewed by emmetropic and myopic young adults.METHODS. Baseline contrast sensitivity was determined in 25 emmetropic and 25 spectacle-corrected myopic young adults for 0.5, 1.2, 2.7, 4.4, and 6.2 cycles per degree (cpd) horizontal sine wave gratings. The adults spent periods looking at a 6.2 cpd high-contrast horizontal grating and reading lines of English and Chinese text (these texts comprised 1.2 cpd row and 6 cpd stroke frequencies). The effects of these near tasks on contrast sensitivity were determined, with decreases in sensitivity indicating contrast adaptation.RESULTS. Contrast adaptation was affected by the near task (F 2,672 ¼ 43.0; P < 0.001). Adaptation was greater for the grating task (0.13 6 0.17 log unit, averaged across all frequencies) than reading tasks, but there was no significant difference between the two reading tasks (English 0.05 6 0.13 log unit versus Chinese 0.04 6 0.13 log unit). The myopic group showed significantly greater adaptation (by 0.04, 0.04, and 0.05 log units for English, Chinese, and grating tasks, respectively) than the emmetropic group (F 1,48 ¼ 5.0; P ¼ 0.03).CONCLUSIONS. In young adults, reading Chinese text induced similar contrast adaptation as reading English text. Myopes exhibited greater contrast adaptation than emmetropes. Contrast adaptation, independent of text type, might be associated with myopia development. (Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci.

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“…There is indication that adaptation may also occur in the peripheral field of subjects with normal sight (NS). 21,22 Haber et al 21 have measured adaptation to blur and sharpness by using the paradigm of Webster et al 5 in three subjects foveally and at a peripheral eccentricity (8°). They have found adaptation curves that are similar in peripheral and central vision.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…They have found adaptation curves that are similar in peripheral and central vision. Mankowska et al 22 have measured the effect of medium-term (30 minutes) adaptation to blur in central and near-peripheral vision (2° to 10° eccentricity) in young healthy adults with normal vision and found a similar improvement in visual acuity at all eccentricities after the blur adaptation. However, it is not known whether the long-term, low resolution experienced by patients with CVL affects their perception of image blur.…”

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confidence: 99%

Blur Adaptation to Central Retinal Disease

Vera-Díaz

Woods

Peli

2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PurposeThe long-term, low-resolution vision experienced by individuals affected by retinal disease that causes central vision loss (CVL) may change their perception of blur through adaptation. This study used a short-term adaptation paradigm to evaluate adaptation to blur and sharpness in patients with CVL.MethodsA variation of Webster's procedure was used to measure the point of subjective neutrality (PSN). The image that appeared normal after adaptation to each of seven blur and sharpness levels (PSN) was measured in 12 patients with CVL (20/60 to 20/320) and 5 subjects with normal sight (NS). Patients with CVL used a preferred retinal locus to view the images. Small control studies investigated the effects of long-term and medium-term (1 hour) defocus and diffusive blur.ResultsAdaptation was reliably measured in patients with CVL and in the peripheral vision of NS subjects. The shape of adaptation curves was similar in patients with CVL and both central and peripheral vision of NS subjects. No statistical correlations were found between adaptation and age, visual acuity, retinal eccentricity, or contrast sensitivity. Long-term blur experience by a non-CVL myopic participant caused a shift in the adaptation function. Conversely, medium-term adaptation did not cause a shift in the adaptation function.ConclusionsBlur and sharp short-term adaptation occurred in peripheral vision of normal and diseased retinas. In most patients with CVL, neither adaptation nor blur perception was affected by long-term attention to peripheral low-resolution vision. The impact of blur/sharp adaptation on the benefit of image enhancement techniques for patients with CVL is discussed.

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Effect of Blur Adaptation on Human Parafoveal Vision

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Blur adaptation: Contrast sensitivity changes and stimulus extent

Blur adaptation: Contrast sensitivity changes and stimulus extent

Effect of Text Type on Near Work–Induced Contrast Adaptation in Myopic and Emmetropic Young Adults

Blur Adaptation to Central Retinal Disease

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