Effect of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate-Platelet-Rich Plasma on Tendon-Derived Stem Cells and Rotator Cuff Tendon Tear

Abstract

Bone marrow aspirate concentrates (BMACs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are good sources to control the differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs), but there has been no study about the effect of the BMAC-PRP complex on TDSCs and tendinopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BMAC-PRP on the TDSCs and to find the therapeutic effect of BMAC-PRP on the rotator cuff tendon tear. The chondrogenic and osteogenic potential of TDSCs decreased, but the adipogenic potential of TDSCs revealed no significant difference when they were cocultured with BMAC-PRP. Cell proliferation was significantly greater in TDSCs cocultured with BMAC-PRP than in TDSCs. The degree of wound closure (percentage) was different between TDSCs and TDSCs with BMAC-PRP. There was no significant difference in expression of collagen type I and type III in immunocytochemical staining in the presence of BMAC-PRP. Initial visual analog scale (VAS) score was 5.8 ± 1.9, which changed to 5.0 ± 2.3 at 3 weeks and 2.8 ± 2.3 at 3 months after the BMAC-PRP injection (p < 0.01). The American Shoulder Elbow Surgeon score changed from 39.4 ± 13.0 at baseline to 52.9 ± 22.9 at 3 weeks and 71.8 ± 19.7 at 3 months after the injection (p < 0.01). The initial torn area of the rotator cuff tendon was 30.2 ± 24.5 mm2, and this area was reduced to 22.5 ± 18.9 mm2 at 3 months, but the change was not significant (p > 0.05). The data indicate that BMAC-PRP enhances the proliferation and migration of TDSCs and prevents the aberrant chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of TDSCs, which might provide a mechanistic basis for the therapeutic benefits of BMAC-PRP for rotator cuff tendon tear.

Genetic lineage tracing of targeted cell populations during enthesis healing

“…The supraspinatus functions to elevate the arm, and during this motion, the tendon may impinge against the acromion which predisposes this tendon for injury over time. While surgical repair of torn tendon to its bony site of attachment remains the gold standard of treatment, outcome measures can be variable and failure rates high in certain populations, despite advancements in operation technology …”

Biologic Augmentation of Rotator Cuff Repair: The Role of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate

“…Overall, the available clinical data shows promising potential for BMAC to contribute to improved short-and medium-term outcomes following RCR. 48,53,54,59 Importantly, and similar to the discussion on PRP, additional research is needed to determine the utility of BMAC as a biologic augment for RCR, particularly with respect to preparation technique and cost-effectiveness. Currently, there is no gold standard for BMAC procurement, method of application, or ideal amount/ concentration of cells needed to promote tissue regeneration.…”

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Platelet Derived Concentrates in Regenerative Medicine

“…PRP is considered a suitable mixture to regulate the differentiation of bone marrow aspirate into tendon-like cells [38]. Additionally, it has been declared that PRP is able to act as a biomimetic approach to the enhancement of wound regeneration.…”

“…The combined use of autologous bone marrow MSC and PRF could be utilized for the treatment of chondral lesions of the hip [38]. PRP is considered a suitable mixture to regulate the differentiation of bone marrow aspirate into tendon-like cells [38].…”

“…osteochondral lesions, synovial knee joint failure, acute diaphyseal fractures of the femur, trauma, maxillofacial defects, periodontal tissue augmentation, peripheral nerve injuries, chondral lesions of the hip, wound, degenerative disc disease, femoral neck fractures, oral peri-implant defects, and hair loss [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”