Effect of Breast and Formula Feeding on Gut Microbiota Shaping in Newborns

Guaraldi, Federica; Salvatori, Guglielmo

doi:10.3389/fcimb.2012.00094

Cited by 317 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…[32][33][34] The role of immune mechanisms in the regulation of the microbiota has only recently become the subject of investigation. In this study, we identified an IgA-dependent mechanism responsible for the establishment of the "mature" microbiota in adult mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteobacteria-specific IgA regulates maturation of the intestinal microbiota

et al. 2013

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteobacteria-specific IgA regulates maturation of the intestinal microbiota

et al. 2013

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“…The gut microbiota consists of several hundred bacterial species acquired during early life. Immediately after birth, facultative anaerobes, such as staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci and Enterobacteriaceae, colonise the sterile gut (10). After birth, the neonatal intestine is firstly colonised by enterobacteria, mainly Escherichia coli, whose number reaches 10 9 cells/g of faeces, because of contamination with maternal faecal microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that the gut microbiota of healthy formula-fed infants is commonly diverse from that of breastfed infants, harbouring more enterococci, Gramnegative clostridia, Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae than bifidobacteria and lactobacilli (9,10). There is some scientific evidence to support the use of nutritional interventions for infantile colic based on a possible allergy to cow's milk protein or lactose intolerance (11,12).…”

Section: Key Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of formula‐fed infants with and without colic revealed significant differences in total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and faecal ammonia

Savino¹,

Quartieri

Marco³

et al. 2016

Acta Paediatrica

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Aim: This study compared the faecal microbial composition of formula-fed infants who did and did not have colic.Methods: Faecal samples from formula-fed infants under 16 weeks of age with (n = 38) and without (n = 39) colic were collected at Department of Pediatrics in Turin, Italy, between February 2014 and October 2015. The pH and faecal ammonia were determined and total bacteria, bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria and coliforms were quantified by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH).Results: Faecal ammonia was significantly higher in the colicky infants than in the controls (483 vs. 216 lg/g, p < 0.05). The FISH counts of total bacteria were lower in colicky infants (1.8E10 AE 1.5E10) than in the controls (3.4E10 AE 3.0E10) (p < 0.05). The relative abundance of coliform bacteria was significantly higher in colicky infants (p < 0.05). No differences were observed for the bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria counts between the two groups.Conclusion: Our comparison of formula-fed infants with and without colic revealed significant differences in total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and faecal ammonia. This study provides the stimulus for further studies of the gut microbiome, using new methods of analysis such as 16S metagenomics sequencing in order to lead to more tailored dietary approaches.

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“…BF infants have a more stable and uniform microbial population compared to those fed formula (FF), and even small amounts of formula supplementation in breastfed infants change the normal microbiota to the pattern of infants fed only FF. This has future implications, since the microbiota acquired in early childhood are critical for determining immune response and tolerance, and alterations of the intestinal environment are responsible for inflammation of the mucosa, autoimmune pathology and allergic disorders in children and adults 47 .…”

Section: Alteration Of Intestinal Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficios de la lactancia materna y riesgos de no amamantar

Brahm

Valdés²

2017

Rev. chil. pediatr.

125

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Breastfeeding is the nourishment designed by nature for newborns and infants; however, its prevalence is nowadays not optimal. The aim of this article is to review the current evidence of the benefits of breastfeeding for children and society and to elaborate the risks associated with replacing breast milk with baby formulas. Breastfeeding has been shown to be a protective factor for several infectious, atopic and cardiovascular diseases as well as for leukemia, necrotizing enterocolitis, celiac disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. It also has a positive impact on neurodevelopment, improving IQ, reducing the risk of attention deficit disorder, and generalized developmental and behavioral disorders. Lactation can decrease the risk of sudden infant deaths syndrome by 36% and prevent 13% of infant mortality worldwide. Breastfeeding result in direct saving on the use of infant formulas and bottles, as well as indirectly on associated health costs, premature deaths, and qualityadjusted life years, among others. In addition, breastfeeding is environmentally friendly; it does not leave an ecological footprint in its production and consumption. The use of baby formulas and bottles have inherent risks, because they increase the risk of oral diseases, such as mouth breathing, malocclusion, alteration of bite, and tooth decay. Finally, the intestinal microbiota, oxygenation, and thermoregulation of infants are negatively affected by their use.

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Effect of Breast and Formula Feeding on Gut Microbiota Shaping in Newborns

Cited by 317 publications

References 41 publications

Proteobacteria-specific IgA regulates maturation of the intestinal microbiota

Proteobacteria-specific IgA regulates maturation of the intestinal microbiota

Comparison of formula‐fed infants with and without colic revealed significant differences in total bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and faecal ammonia

Beneficios de la lactancia materna y riesgos de no amamantar

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