Effect of breed body-size on leptin amniotic fluid concentrations at term pregnancy in dogs

Veronesi, M.C.; Fusi, Jasmine; Comin, A.; Ferrario, Paola G.; Bolis, Barbara; Prandi, Alberto

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.03.021

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In two studies [ 13 , 15 ], allantoic glucose levels were higher in medium/large-sized than in small-sized breeds. More recently, a higher leptin amniotic concentration was found in small-sized than large-sized canine breeds [ 18 ], evidencing once more a different metabolism in fetuses from small-sized and large-sized breeds, measurable in fetal fluids. In the present study, significantly higher glucose levels were found in the amniotic and allantoic sacs of medium/large breeds when compared to small-sized breeds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2021, Tal et al [ 5 ] demonstrated the possibility to easily and safely perform amniocentesis in anesthetized bitches at around 35–62 days of pregnancy. Moreover, at the time of parturition, when caesarean section is performed, fetal fluids (amniotic and allantoic) can be easily and securely sampled, as demonstrated by many studies [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Other than that, the canine fetal fluids were also useful for mesenchymal stem cells isolation and growth as a model of these cell’s biology study and for possible therapeutic application [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Trial on the Usefulness of On-Site Evaluation of Canine Fetal Fluids by Reagent Test Strip in Puppies at Elective Caesarean Section

Fusi

Bolis

Probo

et al. 2021

Biology

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The reagent urinary test strips (TS) marketed for urines represent the first-line diagnostic tool in many instances. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of TS for the on-field evaluation of fetal fluids’ composition in newborn dogs at elective caesarean section. Of a total of 137 puppies born at term, 127 survived and 10 did not survive. One hundred and thirteen amniotic and 107 allantoic samples from surviving newborns were collected, and 8 amniotic and allantoic fluids were collected from the non-surviving newborns and assessed by strips. Significantly lower amounts of amniotic glucose and higher amounts of amniotic and allantoic nitrites, amniotic protein, allantoic urobilinogen, and amniotic bilirubin concentrations were found in non-surviving when compared to surviving newborns. In the surviving ones, higher specific gravity and bilirubin concentrations, and lower pH, were found in allantoic than in amniotic fluids. Higher amniotic and allantoic glucose concentrations, higher amniotic and allantoic pH, and lower amniotic and allantoic protein concentrations were found in medium/large- than in small-sized puppies. The TS allowed the quick evaluation of fetal fluids in puppies at birth. The differences between surviving and non-surviving puppies seem to suggest that the on-site analysis of fetal fluids’ composition by TS could represent a first-line diagnostic tool in the field of canine neonatology, allowing the quick recognition of puppies needing assistance as a complementary tool for clinical evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Trial on the Usefulness of On-Site Evaluation of Canine Fetal Fluids by Reagent Test Strip in Puppies at Elective Caesarean Section

Fusi

Bolis

Probo

et al. 2021

Biology

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“…Such a discrepancy was observed in 11 of the 48 litters of dogs analyzed and also in approximately 1/3 of the litters in the different species studied by the authors. Recent studies point to the complexity of the biological analyzes and of the methods of collection of samples necessary in order to identify biochemical and physiological parameters capable of contributing to a better understanding of fetal and perinatal metabolism, which in canines has a relevant impact on the development of conceptuses, weight at birth, weight gain in the neonatal period and consequently neonatal mortality affecting animal welfare in purebred dog breeding (Veronesi et al, 2020;Mila et al, 2015) Mother parity, pup sex, and litter size were not significant in the birth weight analyzes of Tesi et al (2020) in their study on toy and small breeds. However, the relationship between placental weight and size with placental vascularization and pup birth weight was observed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the relationship between birth weight, weight gain in the neonatal period, inbreeding and parity and neonatal mortality in a population of australian cattle dog breed

Dode

Corcini

2022

RSD

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Breeding purebred dogs presents numerous challenges requiring the implementation of actions to ensure reproductive success. The aim of this study was to describe, through quantitative parameters, the relationship between birth weight (PN), weight gain (GPD) and inbreeding coefficient (CoI) with mortality observed in the neonatal period in the Australian Cattle Dog breed. A prospective, longitudinal study was carried out in a kennel registered to CBKC/FCI in the year 2020. Puppies had their vitality evaluated and were weighed daily until 45 days, with the heterogeneity of PN, GPD and CoI analyzed for each litter. Quartiles for the variables: PN, GPD and CoI were calculated and generalized linear models fitted using the R® system, with neonatal mortality as the binary outcome variable. Pup sex and primiparous occurrence were introduced as random effects. Multicollinearity was estimated between the predictors using Cramer's method and the median area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The mean number of pups per litter was 5.88±1.93, mean BW was 258.98±47.19g. The highest odds ratio for mortality is found in the intermediate quartiles, and the fact that the mother is primiparous (p0.0014). The relationship between mortality in the neonatal period and primiparous mothers (AUROC≥0.7) was validated in the population studied.

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“…In addition, one study [13] suggested a small adjustment of the former scoring system for viability assessment at birth in French and English bulldogs, while a study in Chihuahuas confirmed that no changes were needed to the former scoring system for the viability assessment in Chihuahua newborns [26]. However, because of the wide differences among the hundreds of recognized canine breeds, not only with regard to different body size, ranging from the smallest Chihuahua to the biggest Saint Bernard, the possible effect of breed on Apgar scoring should be better investigated in newborn puppies as suggested for other parameters [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refining the APGAR Score Cutoff Values and Viability Classes According to Breed Body Size in Newborn Dogs

Veronesi

Faustini

Probo

et al. 2022

Animals

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The Apgar score (AS) represents a key tool for neonate assessment, but the possible breed effect on AS in newborn puppies has never been investigated. Therefore, data from 234 dog litters born by caesarean section, grouped according to breed body size (BBS) (small, medium, large), were evaluated. Live-birth puppies were assessed through AS within 5 min of delivery, and classified in viability classes: 0–3 severely distressed, 4–6 moderately distressed, 7–10 not distressed. Statistical analysis evaluated possible differences of AS and viability class according to BBS, and between BBS and puppies’ mortality. Results showed no differences in the distribution of mortalities among BBSs. However, an effect of BBS on the AS was found, with small-sized puppies being the most represented in the severely distressed class, but having the best survival chance compared to large-sized newborns. Through receiver-operating-characteristics analysis, the AS new cutoff values for survival and for death <24 h and 24 h–7 days of age were identified, and the viability classes were redefined, with a narrower class of moderately distressed puppy specific for each BBS. In conclusion, the refining of the AS in dog species is imperative, with cutoff values and viability classifications that must be adapted to the BBS.

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Effect of breed body-size on leptin amniotic fluid concentrations at term pregnancy in dogs

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Clinical Trial on the Usefulness of On-Site Evaluation of Canine Fetal Fluids by Reagent Test Strip in Puppies at Elective Caesarean Section

Clinical Trial on the Usefulness of On-Site Evaluation of Canine Fetal Fluids by Reagent Test Strip in Puppies at Elective Caesarean Section

Study of the relationship between birth weight, weight gain in the neonatal period, inbreeding and parity and neonatal mortality in a population of australian cattle dog breed

Refining the APGAR Score Cutoff Values and Viability Classes According to Breed Body Size in Newborn Dogs

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