Effect of Bt-maize on epigeic spiders (Araneae) and harvestmen (Opiliones)

Řezáč, Milan; Pekár, Stanislav; Kocourek, F.

doi:10.17221/2689-pps

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Species composition in our study was similar to that reported by Řezáč et al. (); 28 species reported by these authors were also present in our collections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Communities of ground‐dwelling arthropods in conventional and transgenic maize: background data for the post‐market environmental monitoring

Habuštová

Svobodová

Spitzer

et al. 2014

J Applied Entomology

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To verify the validity of concerns about environmental safety of maize expressing insecticidal Cry toxins (referred to as Bt maize), we compared communities of ground beetles (Carabidae), rove beetles (Staphylinidae) and spiders (Araneae) in plots planted either with Bt maize cultivar YieldGard® or with the non‐transgenic parental cultivar Monumental. Each cultivar was grown on 5 plots of 0.5 ha for three consecutive years. To increase the field load of Cry toxin, the fully grown maize of the first study year was shredded to small pieces that were ploughed into the soil. Arthropods were collected in pitfall traps and determined to the species level. The abundance and species richness of all studied groups greatly varied over the season and between the seasons but without statistically significant differences between the Bt and non‐Bt plots. A single spider species and three ground beetle species dominated in the catches every year, whereas a set of 1–4 most abundant rove beetle species changed every year. Frequently occurring species were typical for most of Europe. The total counts of ground beetles, rove beetles and spiders collected once or twice per season are proposed to serve as bioindicators in the post‐market environmental monitoring (PMEM).

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“…Species composition in our study was similar to that reported by Řezáč et al. (); 28 species reported by these authors were also present in our collections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Communities of ground‐dwelling arthropods in conventional and transgenic maize: background data for the post‐market environmental monitoring

Habuštová

Svobodová

Spitzer

et al. 2014

J Applied Entomology

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“…This species is very rare in the Czech Republic (Buchar & Růžička, 2002), but it has also been reported previously in the monitored area (Horáková 2005;Niedobová at al., 2011). In the Czech Republic, this species was fi rst recorded by Miller (1974) from beet fi elds, and other published fi ndings of this species come from fi elds as well (Roberts 1987(Roberts , 1995Řezáč et al, 2006;Öberg et al, 2008;British Arachnological Society, 2011). We believe that it is unreasonable to include this species in the Red List of invertebrates of the Czech Republic (Růžička, 2005) at all, it is very rare species although common habitats like arable fi elds and it is impossible to manage or protect habitats according to its presence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Spiders (Araneae) of selected sinkholes of Moravský kras Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic)

Hula

Košulič

Šťastná

2013

Acta Univ. Agric. Silvic. Mendelianae Brun.

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HULA V., KOŠULIČ O., ŠŤASTNÁ P.: Spiders (Araneae) of selected sinkholes of Moravský kras Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic). Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2012, LX, No. 1, pp. 57-70 In this study, we present faunistic data about spiders in selected sinkholes of northern part of Moravský kras Protected Landscape Area. Time of collection was established in the following terms: 24 March 2010 -22 September 2010. We collected altogether 5742 adult specimens which were determined to 59 species of 14 families. We found two very rare spiders (critically endangered Porrhomma errans and endangered Walckenaeria monoceros) and several interesting, rarely collected bioindicator species (Alopecosa trabalis, Mecopisthes silus, Zelotes longipes). From the bioindicative evaluation point of view, 44% of found species belong to species with connection to natural habitats, 37% belong to species preferring semi-natural habitats, and 19% belong to species of disturbed habitats. From the relictness point of view, majority of species was of the expansive category (53%), 40% of class II relicts, and only 7% of class I relicts. Sink holes did not increase total biodiversity of agricultural land too much because of their relative small size.

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“…However, there is evidence on spider abundance in GE vs. conventional crops from field experiments. A number of European studies have reported no difference in the spider community in lepidopteran‐active, Cry1Ab‐expressing Bt maize vs. conventional maize fields (Volkmar and Freier, 2003; Meissle and Lang, 2005; Ludy and Lang, 2006b; Řezáč et al ., 2006; Toschki et al ., 2007). For corn rootworm‐resistant, Cry3Bb1‐expressing maize, however, few field data on spider communities are available and no details for different spider families have been published (Meissle and Romeis, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The web‐building spider Theridion impressum (Araneae: Theridiidae) is not adversely affected by Bt maize resistant to corn rootworms

Meissle¹,

Romeis²

2009

Plant Biotechnology Journal

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Summary The growth of genetically engineered maize that produces the insecticidal protein Cry3Bb1 from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an effective method to control corn rootworms (Diabrotica spp.), which are threatening maize production in North America and Europe. In this study, the risk of Cry3Bb1‐expressing maize for the predatory spider Theridion impressum, a common species in European maize fields, was assessed. Quantification of Cry3Bb1 in potential prey species collected in Bt maize plots and prey spectrum analysis revealed that T. impressum ingests Cry3Bb1 in the field. Exposure to the Bt protein, however, was highly variable because some potential prey species, such as phloem‐feeding herbivores and predators, contained little or no Cry3Bb1, whereas leaf‐feeding herbivores contained high concentrations. Adult and juvenile T. impressum spiders were fed with Cry3Bb1‐containing food (prey or maize pollen) for 8 weeks in the laboratory to examine the toxicity of the Bt protein. No differences in mortality, weight development or offspring production were observed between spiders provided with food containing or not containing Cry3Bb1. Retrospective power analysis indicated that the bioassays were sufficiently sensitive to detect meaningful differences if present. Although Cry3Bb1 is ingested by the spider in the field, our data provide no evidence for toxicity. Consequently, the growth of corn rootworm‐resistant Bt maize appears to pose no risk for T. impressum.

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Effect of Bt-maize on epigeic spiders (Araneae) and harvestmen (Opiliones)

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Communities of ground‐dwelling arthropods in conventional and transgenic maize: background data for the post‐market environmental monitoring

Communities of ground‐dwelling arthropods in conventional and transgenic maize: background data for the post‐market environmental monitoring

Spiders (Araneae) of selected sinkholes of Moravský kras Protected Landscape Area (Czech Republic)

The web‐building spider Theridion impressum (Araneae: Theridiidae) is not adversely affected by Bt maize resistant to corn rootworms

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