Effect of CaCl2 on Microstructure of Calciothermic Reduction Products of Ti2O3 to Prepare Porous Titanium

Abstract

The compound CaCl2 plays a significant role in the process of direct calciothermic reduction of Ti2O3 to prepare porous titanium. In this paper, the effect of CaCl2 on reduction products by calciothermic reduction of Ti2O3 was investigated. Results show that the distribution of CaCl2 in reduction preform influences particle size and morphology differences in reduction products both on the surface and the inside. The CaCl2 is transferred to the surface of the Ti2O3 preform due to its volatilization before and throughout reduction. The content of CaCl2 in the surface zone of Ti2O3 preform is significantly higher than that in the interior during the reduction process, contributing to the formation of large Ti particles with a smooth shape on the surface, and small Ti particles with inherited morphology of Ti2O3 inside. More CaCl2 causes the aggregation of Ti particles to form large Ti particles which are advantageous as they connect and form a more solid porous titanium structure. The presence of a small amount of CaCl2 in the interior also results in the coexistence of small Ti and CaO particles, forming a loose structure with uniform distribution.

Titanium: An Overview of Resources and Production Methods

“…An investigation of the CaCl 2 effect on the calcium vapor reduction process of Ti 2 O 3 has been performed [86]. The compound CaCl 2 plays a crucial role in the calciothermic reduction process of Ti 2 O 3 to prepare porous titanium [86].…”

“…An investigation of the CaCl 2 effect on the calcium vapor reduction process of Ti 2 O 3 has been performed [86]. The compound CaCl 2 plays a crucial role in the calciothermic reduction process of Ti 2 O 3 to prepare porous titanium [86]. Likewise, the generation of a low oxygen Ti powder was carried out by electrolytic reduction of CaTiO 3 in a CaCl 2 -CaO melt.…”

Simulated Coarse Grain Heat‐Affected Zone Transformation Behavior of Newly Developed Zr–Ti–RE Deoxidized High‐Strength Low‐Alloy Steels with Extremely High Impact Toughness

“…[ 1–3 ] High heat input welding (larger than 400 kJ cm −1 ) has been often utilized to improve the efficiency in the shipbuilding and construction industries. [ 4–7 ] However, microstructure coarsening is normally observed in the coarse grain heat‐affected zone (CGHAZ) of the HSLA steels due to the slow cooling rate under the high heat input, [ 4 ] which could result in serious deterioration of mechanical performance, especially low‐temperature impact properties. [ 8 ] The application of oxide metallurgy technology is an effective way of enhancing the toughness of CGHAZ during welding.…”