Cadmium (Cd) as a heavy metal damages testis and decreases fertility, however,
antioxidants can improve sperm parameters and decrease male infertility. In this
study we investigated the effect of astaxanthin (AST) on sperm parameters,
expression levels of CatSper1 and CatSper2 genes in presence of Cd
in mice. Thirty adults’ mice were divided into 4 groups, sham group
received olive oil and saline (olive oil is the solvent of AST and saline is the
solvent of Cd), Cd group received 1 mg/kg Cdcl2, a
group received 10 mg/kg AST and 1 mg/kg
Cdcl2 and a group received 10 mg/kg AST. The
treatments were done intraperitoneally for 14 days. After 14 days sperm
parameters were analyzed. Malondialdehyde level, catalase enzyme activity, the
alteration of CatSper1 and CatSper2 genes expression were measured
in testis. Results showed that Sperm count, viability, CatSper1 gene
expression and catalase activity significantly decreased by Cd compared to sham
group. Cd significantly increased sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), abnormal sperm
morphology and malondialdehyd level compared to sham group. AST significantly
increased sperm count, viability and CatSper1 gene expression and
decreased SDF and abnormal sperm in comparison with Cd group. AST protected
testis and decreased oxidative stress induced by Cd. Our findings indicated that
AST could protect sperm DNA, enhanced CatSper1 gene expression and sperm
quality in presence of Cd. No significant differences were found in
CatSper2 expression among treatments. Therefore, AST as a strong
antioxidant can help to protect the potential of fertility against Cd
toxicity.